This collection of 35 charts culminates the study of the criminal justice system in New York City. A basic chart shows all the positions presented in the narratives of the previous guides. It emphasizes the criminal justice positions mentioned in the narratives and ties them into the respective lines of accountability up to the very top of the…

This paper describes some of the many problems now facing the juvenile justice system, which was for years a legal "stepchild." A historical review reveals that although the first juvenile court was founded in 1899, the first U.S. Supreme Court review did not occur until almost 70 years later. Then, in a landmark decision, juveniles were given…

The 140-item bibliography highlights available literature on crime and the administration of criminal justice in rural America, published between 1921 and 1979 (primarily in the 1970's). The 31 citations in Chapter 1, "Rural Crime: Nature and Extent," deal with incidence rates, contributing factors, offender studies, and crimes unique to…

A self-presentational framework for understanding how people define a just exchange and why behaving justly is important to them is proposed. A case is posited for two self-presentational principles of justice -- that one is responsive to the perceived beliefs of significant others in determining what is just; and that one usually comes to believe…

After discussing some of the complex, sensitive issues involved in doing policy-related research, this paper describes a strategy for social scientists to use in doing collaborative research with criminal justice agencies. The strategy calls for: (1) careful selection of programs or practices on which to conduct research; (2) collaboration with…

Universities can play an important role in advancing equality of education since they wield influence over the process of learning itself, over institutions and attitudes, and they play an important role in determining the status and life chances of individuals. In view of the fact that there is a definite and positive relation between education…

This bibliography reviews approximately 70 reference materials on criminal justice. Entries are presented in eight categories--dictionaries, indexes and abstracts, professional position papers, working conditions and unions, law and the police, crime, prisons and prisoners, and victimization. Types of publications included under the subject…

The document discusses the non proliferation policies of nuclear power nations. It specifically focuses on the credibility gap which exists between the actual statements of peaceful intentions made by these nations which express the need for non proliferation of nuclear weapons and their actual conduct with regards to nuclear-related issues in…

One of a series of the EDSP (Educational Dissemination Studies Program) interrelated studies, this report describes the content of the ERIC database for five equity groups including the physically and mentally handicapped, Blacks, Hispanics, and women; and addresses the question of how much can be learned if the analysis is confined to examination…

An exploration of interpersonal justice suggests some connections among relative deprivation theory, justice theory, and depression research. Distinctions between home life and work life are necessary in thinking about fairness, deservingness, and deprivation. A survey of over 400 adults explored the extent to which men and women feel deprived…

This summary of the literature provides an overview on adult probation, with attention to the conceptual problems associated with often conflicting definitions of probation, the legal and statutory development of probation, its major objectives and tasks, and its effectiveness. Some of the critical areas addressed include: (1) the locus of…

The juvenile diversion program, Special Emphasis Memphis-Metro Youth Diversion Project, is described. The following areas of concern are addressed: (1) the juvenile justice system in Memphis prior to diversion; (2) project philosophy and community support-building efforts; and (3) implementation efforts therough the juvenile court, community…

The question addressed is: Can education maintain high quality if it has to either accept or create equality? Americans throughout their history have defined justice to mean that the more open the society is, the more just it is; the more inclusive, the more acceptable. If the notion of quality is tied to an automatic exclusion of any percentage…

Resolution of conflicts and disputes in traditional Athabascan society was based on assumptions that: (1) the authority of the leader was absolute, for as representative of both village and victim, he was limited only by the fact that the crime had to be serious enough for third party intervention and that severe sanctions demanded village…

In order to examine jury deliberations, researchers simulated and videotaped court proceedings and jury deliberations based upon an actual civil court case. Special care was taken to make the simulated trial as authentic as the original trial. College students and the general public provided the jurors, which were then divided into twelve separate…