Painful situations arise during the education and careers of counselors and therapists. Most theoretical orientations fail to address how clinicians are to handle their live adversity during the course of their work with clients. In fact, irrespective of the theoretical orientation, most clinicians are given the directive to "check your own…

Many teachers and human service workers are 40-50 years of age and this paper explores the formative influences, and the developmental characteristics, of workers who are presently middle-aged. This leads onto an examination of the importance of relationships and work to mid-lifers. In the concluding section of the paper, there is some…

To better understand the work-family interface within the family domain, this study investigated crossover effects of two types of work-family conflict among 120 participants (60 married couples), these conflicts' relations with parental self-efficacy and perceived quality of parent-child interaction, and the contribution of attributions of…

Benefits and leave policies are important aspects of employment when employees attempt to balance career and family. These policies include salary, promotion, vacation, tuition reimbursement, sick leave, medical insurance, life insurance, maternity or paternity leave, elder-care leave, discriminatory leave, and company support and counseling. The…

Using a nationwide sample of 2656 eighteen- to twenty-nine-year-olds, the first part of the present study addressed the question of how non-traditional as compared to traditional living arrangements related to young people's self-perception of being either adolescent or adult. Being in a romantic relationship increased the likelihood of feeling…

Counseling students in order to help them make sound educational, career, and personal decisions requires an understanding of their values, priorities, and preconceptions about their options. The present study explored the attitudes of male and female college students regarding maternal employment, and their own career and family expectations, in…

Noting that where child care subsidy recipients work has relevance for both policy and advocacy related to families moving off of welfare, this paper examines findings from seven studies of the issue in Florida, Alabama, Oregon, California, and the District of Columbia. Following introductory comments, Section 2 of the report presents the…

Noting that child care has increasingly become a formal part of the American economy, this report examines the contribution of the child care industry to the national economy. The report presents evidence, based on an examination of the existing literature, that the child care sector contributes to the national economy in three ways: (1) quality…

This paper reviews the findings of a comparative analysis of two education systems in one corporate organization: training and development and work-family. Key learning features across these systems were analyzed to determine similarities and differences and to identify common concerns. The findings indicated that, although this organization…

Differential adoption of work/life programs by organizations was investigated by studying chief executive officers. A grounded theory was developed and differential adoption explained by the way CEOs made decisions. Implications for work/life program managers include suggestions for persuading CEOs to adopt work/family programs. The study adds to…

Exploring family influences is particularly helpful for career counseling clients who are stuck pursuing goals they know they want; clients who feel torn between practical or realistic paths and their individual passions; clients who express guilt or fear about defying their family's or society's expectations; clients who perceive the barriers…

The balancing act between work and life away from work has gotten so complicated that few are able to pull it off. Employers are blurring the lines between the two by offering day care for aged parents or children and flexible scheduling that allows some to work at home. (JOW)

Responses from 396 women and 316 men with caregiving responsibilities showed that eldercare significantly interfered with women's jobs, but not with men's. Family responsibilities were related to women's job dissatisfaction and absenteeism. Work's interference with family was associated with job costs for both genders and with job…

The relationship between work-family balance and quality of life was assessed for 353 accounting professionals. Those who spent more time on family than work experienced higher quality of life than balanced individuals, who experienced higher quality than those who spent more time on work. Findings were similar for level of involvement balance and…

In a sample of 263 business college alumni and students, all categories were attracted to organizations with flexible career paths and policies. However, salient identity (primarily family, primarily career, or balanced) determined attraction to dual or traditional career paths and policies. (SK)