The transition from student to expert professional can be accelerated when a trajectory for change is plotted and made visible to learners. Trajectories or paths toward expertise are domain specific and must first be documented and then used within instructional contexts to promote knowledge transitions. This article describes how models of…

Scott and Meyer (1991) suggest that individual organizations must conform to elaborate rules and institutional scripts to achieve legitimacy. In the case of the College of Business at Potential University (pseudonym), legitimacy was accreditation from the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). This case study used Benson's…

This article reports the results of a survey of novice superintendents in California, Missouri, North Carolina, and Ohio. The research provides a profile of novice superintendents and their opinions regarding the adequacy of academic preparation and the problems they encountered after entering this challenging position. Findings indicate that the…

One of the most popular and often studied topics in the organizational socialization literature is Van Maanen and Schein's [Van Maanen, J., & Schein, E. H. (1979). Toward a theory of organizational socialization. In B. M. Staw (Ed.), "Research in organizational behavior" (Vol. 1), pp. 209-264. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.] theory of organizational…

This structured literature review examines the literature and addresses issues of job retention for adult workers with moderate to mild mental retardation (MR), investigating the relationships between work-related social behaviors, self-determination, person-job congruency of individuals with MR, and their job performance and job satisfaction with…

Identifying factors that help or hinder new executives in "getting up to speed" quickly and remaining with an organization is vital to maximizing the effectiveness of executive development. The current study extends past research by examining extraversion as a moderator of relationships between leader-member exchange (LMX) and performance,…

Robin E. Perry's study compared the job performance of public child welfare agency caseworkers who had received bachelors degrees in social work and caseworkers whose bachelors degrees were in other practice fields. The study found no significant effects on subsequent job performance from having received a social work degree. Several…

Because of increased competition and a need for retaining and retraining valued employee in a shrinking industrial labor pool, there is a growing need for presentation skills training. Analysis of theories of adult learning, training styles, training formats, and practical experience in the field suggests that the most effective training format…

This national survey collected information on the wage and salary management practices in use in institutions of higher education. The survey questionnaire was distributed to approximately 3,000 institutions of higher education in the United States. Characteristics of the over 800 respondents are analyzed. A section on job analysis practices…

School systems and social services agencies continue to grapple with personnel evaluation problems. One way to make personnel evaluation more useful is to improve the validity of evaluation judgments in appraising work performance. This paper proposes to: (1) review literature providing insight into evaluators' reasons for making inaccurate…

A brief questionnaire was mailed to all legislators in Arkansas (n=135, with 75 responding) and Texas (n=181 with 67 responding) concerning possible gender differences in legislative effectiveness. Personal interviews were also conducted with all female legislators from both states and an equal number of randomly selected male legislators (20 in…

Designed by librarians and administrators of the Florida International University in compliance with the requirements of the Florida Board of Regents, this document contains a list of responsibilities, policies, and procedures for the promotion process in library administration. It is noted that the promotion decision is one of the most important…

Although studies using recall tasks to measure memory typically report age-related declines in performance for older subjects, little is known about how these research results relate to performance in actual situations. A study was undertaken to determine whether years of experience in a domain of knowledge could compensate for age-related…

This one-page abstract summarizes the final report of a federally funded project titled, "Maintaining the Work Rate of Youth with Severe Handicaps." The study evaluated the effects of two self-management techniques, self-monitoring and self-solicitation of feedback with seven 18- to 20-year-old severely and moderately retarded youth over…

Historically, training for performance appraisal has focused on the same issues as instrument development--the reduction of psychometric errors in ratings. Efforts were centered around teaching people to use rating scales properly. A review of the literature shows these programs met with mixed success. While a meta-analysis of these data are…