This report contains the results of a survey sent to 2,883 librarians throughout Pennsylvania, both members and nonmembers of the Pennsylvania Library Association (PLA). The nonmembers of PLA were members of the American Library Association (ALA), however. The total response rate was 21% (n=620). There were recurring themes in the responses from…

A simulation study was performed to determine whether a group's average percent correct in a content domain could be accurately estimated for groups taking a single test form and not the entire domain of items. Six Item Response Theory (IRT) -based domain score estimation methods were evaluated, under conditions of few items per content area per…

The document, one of 11 in a series developed by the Hawaii Integration Project, focuses on the social studies topic of understanding prejudice. The curriculum is designed for grades 4-6 and includes in its first unit an exploration of the dynamics of groups and group membership. In the three lessons students experience the feelings of acceptance…

Conventional wisdom holds that the right-wing John Birch Society disintegrated during the late 1960s. An examination of the society's periodical readership indicates that it has, instead, expanded. Moreover, this expansion occurred during a period of ideological dissonance for the organization, a fact that undermines confidence in the explanation…

This guide outlines procedures for vocational administrators and teachers to use in setting up and working with general occupational advisory committees and specialized occupational advisory committees. The guide covers the following topics: nature of the committees; procedures for selecting, appointing, and using advisory committee members; and…

This paper analyzes role transitions in small groups within the context of a more general model of group socialization that is based on the psychological processes of evaluation, commitment, and decision making. The major advantage of such an approach is that it specifies why role transitions in small groups occur. According to the model, groups…

The Ku Klux Klan (KKK), characterized by disguises, secrecy, bigotry, and terror, came into power in the South after the Civil War. In some parts of the country the KKK, an extreme example of pathological group process, appears as strong and violent today as ever. Fromm (1941) noted that the basis of group psychology is the individual personality…

Reports the findings of a survey done in 1970 of heads of households in Metropolitan Toronto, in which they responded to an open-ended question concerning their own ethnic identity, after being given a rather broad definition of what was meant by an ethnic group. (Author/JM)

Group members tend to like other members of their own group more than members of groups to which they do not belong. This paper focuses on some of the initial determinants of this own-group preference and on the isolation of factors which increase or decrease it. The major finding appears to be that the mere anticipation of cooperation or…

All human development is social-situational--that is, it is the result of continued interaction between personal maturation and socialization into group life. For most Americans, it is families and schools under whose direct influence a large proportion of preadult life is spent. Within these communities are subgroups based on age, sex,…

This paper presents an analysis of public opinion survey data including ethnic group membership, socioeconomic status, and preferences for public expenditures in 10 cities. (Author)

Reports on the replies to a questionnaire answered by approximately 300 Australian Science Teachers Association (ASTA) members. The survey dealt primarily with proposed objectives, activities and structure of ASTA. Findings in each of the areas are discussed. (CP)

Examines the 1972 revisions in the internal organizational policies of the National Council of the Boy Scouts of America. Contends that investigation in a field setting demonstrates the continuation of a basic flaw in the scouting leadership system. (MH)