This follow-up study of 275 university freshmen confirmed that the final secondary examination, the Higher School Certificate, is a moderately good predictor of university success. Of the other variables studied (satisfaction with university and various personality measures) only a study habits score contributed further to the prediction of…

Compared aptitude, vocational, and personality measures of high school dropouts with those of a normative population. Also studied the relative contribution of selected variables to achievement. Suggests that achievement motivation, social class, and the institutional impact of the school must be examined to identify reasons for academic failure.…

Older Down's syndrome infants responded to the regular reappearance of a squeaky doll with significantly more affective behavior than did younger Down's syndrome infants. Longitudinal research with the younger infants indicated that the onset of affective behavior significantly correlated with mental development and aspects of temperament.…

Describes the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale, which is used to assess infants' competence in organizing their states of consciousness, interactive capacities, physiological responses, and environmental responsiveness. Various projects which have used the scale are reported. The predictive value and clinical uses of the scale are…

Investigated personality dimensions concomitant with learner's cognitive rigidity. Results indicated the personality dimensions of tenseness, compulsivity, group dependency, absent-mindedness, sensitivity, and emotional stability explained 36 percent of the variability in subjects' increasing levels of cognitive rigidity. Showed a pervasive use of…

Because Public Law 95-561 has brought more autonomy and more responsibility to local school administrators, administrators must be effective in their leadership roles. The article discusses leadership styles, successful leaders' characteristics, subordinate types, and situational factors having a bearing on effective leadership. See also related…

Compared 52 girls and 42 boys in seventh grade on 3 intelligence measures, 4 achievement measures, and 20 affective measures. Girls outperformed boys on measures of language arts and spelling and on 6 affective measures. (Author/DB)

Students selected as emotionally handicapped reported themselves to be tense, frustrated, and driven. They had irrational worries, and were sensitively aware of being criticized. Selected students lacked superego strength and emotional stability. Clear differences between primary and intermediate teachers' perceptions of emotionally handicapping…

Examining the involvement of women in rural community decision making in terms of the personal and social characteristics of women participants in two power actor pools, this study reveals two female profiles: that of a good companion female model and that of a resource model. (JC)

This study examined the predictive validity of the 18 scales of the California Psychological Inventory and two scales of the Opinion Scale relative to success criteria in graduate school as measured by grades in individual courses, performance on the master's comprehensive examinations and graduate grade-point average. (Author/CTM)

Studied 72 children for whom the following data were available: IQ score on a conventional test (WISC or Stanford-Binet); Goodenough-Harris drawing test IQ score; and behavior description by the test administrator. Personality traits of children who performed better on either the graphic or conventional IQ test were assessed. (SJL)

Forty-eight quantifiable and two qualitative dependent measures were used to measure participants' perceptions of a mental health care course, specifically: knowledge, attitudes, and clinical behavior as reflected in work environment, ward atmosphere, and ward status. The course positively influenced only nine variables. (Author/CP)

Notes the resurgence of fathering over the last decade and reviews existing literature on the direct and indirect impact of fathers on children's cognitive and psychosocial development during four growth stages: infancy, preschool, middle childhood, and adolescence. (SJL)

The Career Maturity Inventory Scale was used to investigate the vocational maturity of emotionally maladjusted and well-adjusted high school students. Results indicated a significant difference in career maturity between the two groups. Sex, class, and race differences were also examined. (RC)

Our culture enforces compliance and obedience in all its institutions and at every level. These institutions systematically discourage independent thought or unconventional action. Schools can play an important role in educating strong, independent thinkers. Teachers should act to reward creative disobedience and to discourage conformity. (JN)