Behavioral and perceptual differences among maritally distressed and nondistressed husbands and wives were investigated. Distressed couples beginning marital therapy and nondistressed couples solicited through community newspapers comprised the criterion groups which were matched for major demographic variables. Couples first enacted and then…

The discussions of four family-related topics by 85 married couples were recorded and analyzed to test the validity of an expanded version of the relational communication coding system developed by L. Edna Rogers and Richard V. Farace. The expanded version of the system is based on the implicit intensity continuum that underlies the communication…

The effects of counter-aggression strategies on married couples resulting from use of the Taylor interactive paradigm were investigated. Married persons (N=52) competed in a complex reaction time task and set durations of 100 decibel punitive noise for either their spouse or an opposite-sex stranger. During pretrials (aggression escalation), males…

Traces changes in social workers' perspectives on the problem of wife abuse. Divides the changes into three time periods: discovering the problem (1976-79); consolidating the perspectives (1980-82); and transforming the problem of wife abuse (1983-84). Concludes increased focus on individual and couple treatment has deflected attention away from…

Four books about college presidential spouses and the evolving dilemmas of their roles are reviewed, and the growing discussion about this role is examined. (MSE)

Questionnaires from 220 young, married subjects were used to examine effects of community size on social-exchange orientations in marriage. Reward level explained 54.8 percent of the variance in marital adjustment for urban women but only 28.1 percent for rural women. Rewards of "money" and "information" were better predictors of adjustment for…

The author interviewed 15 married female headteachers in Britain. Topics she covered include the amount of mobility involved in their career construction, timing and stage of the life cycle during which advancement began, and how progress was initiated. (Author/CH)

Compared relative effectiveness of two interventions in treatment of marital discord: a cognitive-behavioral intervention (teaching problem-solving skills) and an experiential intervention (focusing on emotional experiences). The effects of emotionally focused treatment were found to be superior to problem-solving treatment on marital adjustment,…

While institutional fund-raising is a cooperative effort of the president, trustees, campaign director, chief development officer, and staff, the president's role is crucial as the main solicitor, particularly of large gifts, and often the only cultivator of major prospects. (MSE)

Examines the extent of role strain among husbands and wives in 69 dual-career couples. Results indicated that, for wives, number of children and importance of the parental role were significant predictors of role strain. For husbands, role strain was related to age of the youngest child and the extent to which child-care tasks were shared.…

Challenges previous studies concluding that masculinity and femininity fluctuate as a function of the individual's family life stage. Findings from 582 Australian survey respondents showed that involvement in work and study has a greater impact on masculinity and femininity scores than does the presence of children. (Author/CB)

Addresses clinical and methodological issues in conducting the Marital Systems Study, a research project evaluating the efficacy of systems-oriented conjoint treatment with couples in which one spouse is abusing alcohol. These include standardizing and monitoring the intervention and developing an interactional perspective on the alcohol-related…

The quality and duration of the presidency may depend on a stressful interplay between personal life, including that of family members, and institutional life. Personal and professional isolation, relationship with the faculty, the spouse's role, and the recruitment and selection process are issues to be considered by boards and candidates. (MSE)

Presents an integrative review of the literature on spousal violence as it relates to the abusive male. Suggests various issues that need to be addressed before effective intervention with abusive males can proceed. (Author)

Examined spouses' perceptions of the career change process and its impact on the changers' family. Interviewed wives (N=20) of career changers. Results indicated changers were searching for increased challenge, and respondents were generally positive about career change decisions. Found career changes affected time utilization and family…