High school students rated males and females in traditional and nontraditional occupations on six personality traits: ambition, effectiveness, emotionality, intelligence, responsibility, and traditionality. Results revealed more occupational stereotypes than sex role stereotypes. (Author/MJL)

Among Northern Irish secondary school students, science specialists performed better on tests of cognition and of knowledge in the arts and sciences, showed greater interest in theoretical and economic values, and had lower neuroticism and higher psychoticism scores than arts specialists. Arts specialists endorsed more aesthetic, social, and…

Investigated personality differences between transitory and chronic loners among Iranian students (N=232) studying in American universities; and Iranian students (N=305) studying in Iranian universities. Chronic loners in both groups scored significantly higher than transitory loners on measures such as global loneliness, anxiety, depression,…

Assessed whether evaluations of men and women are influenced by the gender appropriateness of personality characteristics. Students (N=211) rated written descriptions of masculine or feminine individuals with socially desirable or undesirable personality traits. Results showed gender appropriateness had no significant effect on evaluation. Ratings…

Uses Erikson's five stages of psychosocial development to examine the socialization of athletes. Because athletic ability is so heavily rewarded by adults and peers, athletes may prematurely commit themselves to unrealistic objectives and aspirations. Concerned counselors can help athletes define realistic educational and career goals. (JAC)

Primary symptoms of cocaine use and behavioral characteristics of chronic users are pointed out. Ways that school health services can help identify and assist students who abuse the substance are suggested. Approaches such as peer identification, self-diagnosis, and use of a school ombudsman are discussed. (PP)

A brief history of Chinese developmental psychology is given, and current main research projects are highlighted. (Author/MP)

Reviews several aspects of counseling services for institutionalized juvenile offenders. The six articles include studies on the functional analysis of behavior in detention, vocational and social rehabilitation, the impact of a juvenile awareness program on personality traits, and the effectiveness of a juvenile transition center. (JAC)

Findings indicate that (1) boys who more frequently break school rules and engage in aggressive or deviant behavior may often come to have more negative attitudes toward school staff and less involvement in school; and (2) student involvement and participation in school life can influence certain aspects of adolescent personality. (Author/PN)

Findings suggest, among others, that argumentativeness is an important variable in the perception of leadership, with the highly argumentative individual chosen leader over the moderate or mildly argumentative individual. Highly argumentative individuals were also rated as more influential on the group's decision. (PD)

Focuses on personality as a predispositional factor which is predictive of the direction of both persuasive argumentation by group members and, subsequently, decision shifting. Tends to validate the value theory of polarization by showing that persuasive argumentation can mediate the effect of personality on decisional shifting. (PD)

Reviews literature examining adult responses to children which supports the hypothesis that children are responded to as a separate group, and that adult perceptions of children may be inaccurate. Discusses the relationship between mental health professionals and children. Urges counselors to become advocates for children's rights. (RC)

Emphasizes that college admissions criteria based on test scores that tend to be correlated with socioeconomic status are biased against racial/ethnic minorities. Suggests that alternative criteria might consider students' personality traits. (Author/MJL)

Presents an overview of the scope, etiology, and dynamics of bulimarexia. Describes family background, interpersonal relationships, and personality traits of bulimarexics. Discusses treatment approaches and helping strategies. (Author/RC)

A Filipino study of the Biggs Study Process Questionnaire, which investigates relationships between study habits and personality characteristics and fields of study, found satisfactory internal consistency reliability and correlations with school grades but not IQ for two of the three scales, but did not support the creator's proposed structure.…