Professors--obsessed with being perfect, eager to criticize, disillusioned after years of sacrifice in graduate school--may be making themselves emotionally ill. Something in the academic environment contributes to the personality profile that David F. Machell has developed. (MLW)

Relationships among locus of control, academic program, and sex of 267 ninth-graders were studied. As hypothesized, students in the advanced level program were more internally controlled than were general or basic level students. Although locus of control was related to academic level, its relationship to gender was not consistent. (SLD)

Examines gender stereotyping and the use of alcohol. Analyzes responses of 70 female and 46 male college students to a social stereotyping study derived from the Bem Social Roles ventory. Finds that expectations regarding beer drinking and getting drunk are aspects of traditional male gender role. (FMW)

Assessed personality factors of 152 adolescent drivers. Found that subjects convicted of driving while intoxicated (DWI) and juvenile offenders without DWI citations more often endorsed feelings of powerlessness and stressful life events than did drivers without DWI citations. DWI offenders were more likely to indicate that alcohol made them loud,…

Explored relationship between situational variables, personality (relational competence) variables, and two outcome variables (perceived control and0d/AIW ssion) that increase risk of child abuse. Found control and depression among high-risk parents to be consistently predicted by relational competence variables such as shyness, assertiveness,…

Examined family unemployment in terms of its effects on adolescent work values and self-concept. Findings from 344 high school students from Israeli development town showed no significant differences among youth from families where father was employed or unemployed. Findings suggest that father's work status has little impact on adolescent family…

A research review of ability and effort studies in the United States and Japan finds: (1) effort considered the primary determinant of achievement in Japan; (2) different concepts; and (3) the Japanese fostering task involvement through cooperation. Social structure may account for the attributional patterns of Japanese children. (SLD)

A research-based model is presented that accounts for major patterns of adaptive and maladaptive behavior in terms of underlying psychological processes. It is postulated that as individuals' self-attributes are translated into allied goals, these goals generate corresponding behavior patterns. (SLD)

Tested mildly depressed undergraduates (N=52) in treatment for depression using cognitive-behavioral, self-help manual. Results suggest that Holland's Realistic personality types are most successful in terms of reduction of depression scores, whereas Enterprising types are least successful in terms of attrition. Low superiority, high generalized…

For almost 60 years, researchers and practitioners have relied on the "Mental Measurements Yearbook" series for information about published instruments. The new edition contains descriptive information on 477 tests in 18 major categories. This edition maintains its predecessors' tradition of excellence. (SLD)

Describes adolescent satanic practices of affected families in three Southwestern states in a seven-year period. Counselors need to understand how satanism is related to religion, family dynamics, and adolescent rebellion. A systemic perspective is suggested. Counselors must be aware of their own biases to be able to help satanically involved…

Discusses roles that people adopt when encountering new technology, i.e., innovators, resisters, and leaders; explains the Myers Briggs Type Indicator personality measure; and describes a study that was conducted to identify the personality types of high school teachers who participated in technology training and were successful in adopting…

This case study describes a 39-year-old intellectually gifted man with learning disabilities who demonstrated symptoms of amnesic-semantic aphasia at age 13, leading to placement in a class for students with mental retardation and to dropping out of school. The man's remarkable behavioral and cognitive adjustments led to a fulfilling life and…

Examines the role of the outdoors in child development. The expanse of outdoors teaches humility, yet does not judge, thereby teaching self-esteem. Nature's diversity teaches that difference is the norm, thereby teaching tolerance. Small nearby places that children favor--trees, brooks, ponds--nurture a sense of home. Early outdoor experiences are…

Relationships between personality variables and entrance into and persistence in engineering and racial differences in personality profiles of engineering students were studied for 129 freshmen in engineering and 85 persisting engineering students. Results suggest that personality differences play a vital role in persistence but that racial…