Research has shown sex differences in performance favoring males are likely to be reported on cognitive tasks requiring spatial skills. It has also been suggested that the reason why individuals who describe themselves as masculine also tend to do well on spatial tasks may be a function of activity preference. To examine the relationship among…

Schemata is one example of a cognitive construct used extensively by social and personality psychologists to explain some of the biases that emerge when people process information about themselves and others. Recently gender has also been seen as a cognitive schema. Sex and gender schema processing were examined in 40 male and 40 female college…

One means of making undergraduate instruction more relevant to students' needs and interests has been to use popular media to illustrate concepts in psychology courses. College students (N=54) in a theories of personality course wrote brief essays explaining the behavior of television characters in terms of theories taught in the course. The…

It has been suggested that a procedure based on the logic of Bayesian probabilities would make it possible to assess individual differences in stereotyping. Given the possible advantages of using the McCauley and Stitt (1978) procedures to measure individual differences, three groups of college students were tested to see if they would use Bayes…

Information about the types of characteristics seen by parents and adolescents in similar fashion and those seen differently may result in better prediction of teenage behavior. To compare the perceptions of adolescents and adults on 20 personality characteristics, rating tables originally constructed by Hess and Goldblatt (1957) were given to 35…

Activities for home and school designed to help children become aware of their own inner authority and ability to choose are offered in this book. Techniques and activities are based on the principles of psychosynthesis, a comprehensive educational approach to human growth and development pioneered in 1911 by Italian psychiatrist Robert Assagioli.…

Rural high school students tend to stereotype according to sex when rating their peers on personality trait and occupational measures. The research differed from previous studies in which participants have been required to rate the typical or ideal male and female or to rate an occupation according to how masculine or feminine it seemed to them.…

This paper, one of several written for a comprehensive policy study of early childhood education in Illinois, examines and summarizes the literature on the problems of young children in adjusting to starting school full-time and describes the nature and extent of their difficulties in relation to statewide educational policy. The review of studies…

This paper reviews the methods and findings of published research on the validity of police selection procedures. As a preface to the review, the typical police officer selection process is briefly described. Several common methodological deficiencies of the validation research are identified and discussed in detail: (1) use of past-selection…

Emphasizing the influence of television on children, this pamphlet explores some of the major criticisms of television and discusses ways parents can help their children get the most out of television. It is argued that the major problem with television is the amount of time that it steals from our lives, time that could be spent in developing…

The psychology of emotion has been studied primarily from an intrapsychic perspective. A social psychological perspective of emotion can supplement this intrapsychic approach by examining three areas: (1) controlling the emotions of others; (2) controlling the thoughts of others through emotional expression; and (3) emotional congruence, or the…

Recent investigations of gender are fostering structurally deterministic explanations by focusing exclusively on social processes. A balanced understanding of femininity involves considering psychic forces in conjunction with social factors. An interpretation of Freud currently being articulated in Europe delineates unconscious forces fruitfully…

Witkin's Embedded Figures Test (EFT) was used to measure the changes with age in field dependence and problem-solving ability. Qualitative data concerning problem-solving strategies and quantitative data were collected. EFT was administered to 12 females in each of the following decades: 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s, 70s. All subjects were moderately…

Subjects were 50 17 year-old students from a variety of types of schools (parochial, private, public) in two New England areas were interviewed for moral and faith development according to the theories of Kohlberg and Fowler. Socioeconomic level and IQ were highly correlated with faith and moral scores. Experiences of the death of someone close…