Reports the results of a qualitative study of success factors and barriers to the development of virtual knowledge-sharing communities of practice at Caterpillar Inc. Identified prerequisites for successful knowledge management through virtual communities of practice, as well as barriers to virtual community development, and discusses future…

Reviews the progress of parallel computing in information retrieval (IR) and stresses the importance of the motivation in using parallel computing for text retrieval. Analyzes parallel IR systems using a classification defined by Rasmussen; describes retrieval models used in parallel information processing; and suggests areas of needed research.…

Reviews research evaluating the effectiveness of computer-assisted career guidance systems, stressing the limited number of studies. Highlights the need for more research using larger, diverse samples; sound procedures; and investigation of the interaction between client attributes and treatments. (SK)

Provides background information on the benefits of mentoring for proteges, mentors, and organizations; the increasing prevalence of mentoring; forms of relationships; and further research needs. Contains 64 references. (SK)

Interviews with 27 mentors were used to categorize mentoring motivations as other-focused or self-focused. Time and organizational structure were inhibiting factors. Mentors were attracted to proteges with desirable traits (ability, motivation, willingness to learn). Mentors received such benefits as networks, self-satisfaction, and job-related…

Investigates group gender composition and communication styles in small task groups involved in computer-mediated communication. Describes a study that tried to train small task groups in the use of one communication style and suggests further research in the area of communication training for online task groups. (Author/LRW)

Reviews research on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) to integrate the more relevant work-related findings. Suggests longitudinal prospective studies, mediating process, attributions, individual coping mechanisms, and interdisciplinary research is needed. (Author/ABL)

This article addresses the following questions: (1) What is enterprise and enterprising behavior? (2) How is enterprise competency identified and assessed? and (3) How should enterprise competencies be taught? (SK)

Presents interview with Thomas Bouchard, a leading researcher of identical twins reared apart. Describes major themes in the Minnesota twin research. Claims, although genetic influence is central, Bouchard pleas for the impact of environmental factors in optimal human development. Includes Bouchard's surprising experiences, current focus, and…

Profiles articles in this special issue on computers and childhood education, and indicates areas for future research. (RH)

Understanding the work of international organizations requires an understanding of the relationship between language and culture, a relationship evident in the activities of the international organizations. This relationship is partly responsible for the negative image of such organizations. Research in the sociology of international organizations…

Curriculum is a perennially elusive and multifaceted concept. After the frustrating results of curriculum reform efforts in the 1960s and their dismantling and reversal in the 1980s, arguments for historical study are considerable. As Great Britain's example shows, we must rehabilitate the historical study of school subjects. Includes 23…

Presents a profile of bookmobiles in rural areas, based on data from four national surveys conducted by the Center for the Study of Rural Librarianship between 1985 and 1987. Topics covered include equipment and related problems, collections, services, stop locations, and staff. The need for more research on the bookmobile's function is indicated.…

Reviews nursing research focusing on long-term care facilities from 1984 to 1988. Discusses (1) past reviews of gerontological nursing research, (2) a current search of long-term care nursing research, (3) current trends, and (4) suggestions for research on such topics as research utilization, Alzheimer's disease, and the nursing home environment.…

Discusses the need to incorporate uncited influences, as well as cited, in citation analysis and the study of citer motivation. The discussion is illustrated with an example of the process of deciding which influences to cite and which not to cite. (eight references) (CLB)