Questionnaires completed by third- and fourth-year Canadian university students (1980-81) illustrate some characteristics of outdoor education students: many aspire to a career in outdoor education; their academic performance is average; and they engage more in outdoor recreation activities than their peers, but have the same reasons for…

Reviews the literature which addressses adult-child incest as a form of child abuse. Highlights incest as a class phenomenon; characteristics of perpetrators, victims, and the other parent; dynamics of the incest family; effects of incest on the victim; treating and preventing incest; and legal requirements regarding incest reporting. (Author)

Individual personalities and tastes are incorporated into male and female earnings equations and their effects on discrimination are analyzed. Results indicate that the omission of tastes and personalities from previous studies may have led to an overestimation of the extent of discrimination against women without college schooling. (Author/SSH)

A sample of dental students was inventoried on vocational interests as freshmen and seniors with the same instrument. While most interests remained constant, male students lost some orientation toward physicians and females lost some social orientation. Males' orientation was primarily investigative while females' was artistic-investigative.…

Provides an overview of recent research on self-disclosure and describes how various research findings are applicable to school counseling. Outlines specific questions that need to be addressed by counselors relating to age and sex differences. Considerations for counselor educators and counselor-certifying agencies are noted. (RC)

Studied a rare condition, elective mutism in children. Results indicated (1) immature development, especially in speech; (2) high rates of behavior problems; (3) excessive shyness; (4) significantly greater incidence of lower range performance IQ; (5) family psychiatric problems; and (6) intractibility. (Author/DB)

In teaching French to English majority-group students in the Canadian bilingual setting, teachers must be sensitive to the students' natures and personalities. Because specific orientations and attitudes act as motivational supports during the language acquisition process, differential treatment of personality types during second language teaching…

Investigated possible reflections of teachers' locus of control in their professional attributions in educational situations. Findings based on a random sample of 190 elementary school teachers point to significant differences between high and low scores on the I.E. Scale (Rotter, 1966) in attribution of responsibility in several educational…

Affirmed that verbal behaviors (time speaking, initiated assertions, referrals received and first-person statements) were related to self-traits as measured by personality measures and a subjective self-report. The results are indicative of a proactive-reactive dimension of social interaction from both self and behavioral perspectives. (Author)

A study among female, unmarried undergraduates showed that while the majority planned on both career and family, the priority was family; career commitment was a predictor of educational, career, and family plans; and, as women aspire to the full-time career model, they tend to show more stereotypically masculine traits. (Author/MJL)

Investigated perceived personality and behavioral correlates of the ideal interpersonal communication instructor. Results indicated there was a two-dimensional structure underlying students' judgments: an evaluative dimension and a less well-defined activity factor. (PD)

A questionnaire assessing achievement motivation in Israeli and American middle managers was developed and its structure was analyzed. A three-facet definition of achievement motivation--behavior modality, type of confrontation, and time perspective--was suggested which provided guidelines for the formulation of hypotheses. (Author/JKS)

Used coercion theory to investigate aversive mother- child interactions. Literature indicated younger children produced higher rates of aversive interactions with their mothers. Mothers' role satisfaction varied as a function of such rates. Observation data showed mothers of aggressive children encountered higher rates of aversive interactions…

Former Berkeley Free Speech Movement activists' sociopolitical status, self constructions, perceptions of parents' child-rearing practices, and moral reasoning were compared with assessments made 11 years earlier. An argument was made for their continued political and psychosocial distinctiveness as a generational cohort although some important…

Presents an integrated clinical approach, based on a developmental, structuralist framework, to classify adaptive and pathological personality organizations and behaviors in infants and preschool children. (Author/DB)