A theoretical interface between the terms "reference group" and "significant others" is established. This is due to the terms having a common root in the classic problem of the self's referral to the other. In the elaboration of this interface a merging of such notions as positive and negative reference groups with two types of…

Appendices to the 1972-1974 report for the Intercultural Social Studies Project for Secondary Schools are presented. They are part of a report describing the major activities and accomplishments of the project which maintained a culture studies network of teachers in which materials designed by project staff were field tested. The appendices…

A longitudinal study (1961-1965) was planned to obtain information on the pervasiveness of personal influence with respect to decisions to join formal voluntary associations; examine the characteristics of opinion leaders and the individuals they influence; discover the differential patterns of joiners' exposure to mass communicated messages about…

This book includes 37 selected articles and extensive editorial comments on the laboratory approach to sensitivity training. The book focuses on the following aspects of T-Groups: descriptions of and reactions to T-Groups; the processes and outcomes of T-Groups; leadership and member roles; goals, methods, and results; applications in the home,…

The variation in the interaction patterns of group members was investigated in this study. Data on the three major variables -- Sociability, Interaction, and Demographic factors were collected by means of the Social-introversion-extraversion scale in Guilford's "An Inventory of Factors STDCR," the Reciprocal Category System, and a brief…

The items in this bibliography explore the theory, and the social, cultural, and psychological consequences, of membership in a minority or ethnic group. Primary emphasis has been given to two major subject areas: materials dealing with the situation of immigrant ethnic groups, their psychological adjustment, and conditions affecting…

It is generally agreed that increased acceptance may be expected when members of different groups interact on an equal status basis, in an atmosphere of goodwill toward men. This study was planned to examine the proposition that the effects of interracial association on tolerance and acceptance of other group members depends upon the circumstances…

This study was an attempt fo document aspects of small group work in classrooms engaged in the process education curricula called "Materials and Activities for Teachers and Children" (MATCH). Data on student-student interaction was related to small group work and gathered by paper-and-pencil sociometric questionnaires and measures of group…

There exists an overriding need to rethink our cognitive and perceptual approaches to the problem of inter-group living and the development of an ethnic person identity in terms of human behavior and development. Two conceptual models are needed: Socialization is a matter of learning about man-made structure; and individuation is a matter of…

A national board to certify teachers is expected to be chartered by late this summer and begin issuing certificates within five years. The objective is to establish high standards for teacher competence with voluntary certification, not replacement of state licensing. The plan has received widespread support. (MSE)

Explains how changes in family and society have had a broad impact on youth-serving organizations, which have for decades engaged in nonformal education, a support service needed by today's young people. Suggests a stronger partnership is needed between public and private education and nonformal education provided by organizations for youth. (HOD)

A study of faculty contact with college freshmen and sophomores and the students' grade point averages (GPA) found little reciprocity. GPA was most strongly affected by high school performance and academic integration, and faculty contact was most influenced by advisor contact, talking in class, and campus organization membership. (MSE)

Responsibilities of the college or university governing board's student affairs committee include representing students' interests in all policy decisions, ensuring provision of adequate financial resources to support a comprehensive student affairs program, ensuring that board policies keep pace with students' diverse and changing needs, and…

The first four volumes, comprised of newsletters published during the period of August 1992-January 1996, of the Association of Language Testers in Europe (ALTE) include articles on: the origins, aims, activities, and membership of the organization; conference activities; development of language testing standards and procedures; guidelines for…

In language learning, the psychological factor of group reference is crucial. In its absence, the best efforts of the English teacher are ineffective. In its presence, nonstandard dialect speakers will learn standard English regardless of formal teaching. (JM)