Bullying is a widespread social phenomenon involving both individual and group variables. The present study was aimed at analyzing how students' perception of a bullying episode might be influenced by group and context variables. A convenience sample of 455 adolescents read a short story, in which the in-group role (bully vs. victim) and level of…

The socialization processes occurring in the Japanese elementary school classroom are analyzed, particularly the processes that are implicit, teaching children to be competent members of society by participating in detail routines. A perspective is that the specific participation structure of Japanese classrooms serves as a major socialization…

School attendance was irregular for female Hmong students at a middle school in the midwestern United States in an area with a substantial Hmong population. This resulted in low achievement and reduced the opportunity to learn coping skills for functioning effectively in Hmong and American society. The goal of this practicum was to improve the…

A study was done to assess the attitudes toward involvement of Asian American students in student organizations, particularly preprofessional groups because of their academic focus and to determine if any differences existed among Asian American groups in attitudes toward and involvement in student groups. The data were collected using a survey of…

A benefit of using the multifaceted Rasch model is the ability to factor out or control for confounding factors in the estimation of person ability and item difficulty. This study experiments with a variation of the multifaceted Rasch analysis in calibrating the effects of demographic characteristics that are intended to overcome the problem of…

The theoretical African mode of thinking about liberty seems to stand in contrast to the view of liberty that has dominated Western philosophy. Western philosophy accepts as its starting point the notion of an unconstrained and uncontextualized "I" that is defined in relation to the self and its inner being. Greek, Cartesian, and…

The 1985 American Camping Association (ACA) annual report reviews trends and successes of the year. The document is in the format of a calendar covering the period October 1985 through September 1986. Calendar pages, on which relevant camping events are noted, alternate with pages of text. An introductory message from ACA President Jean McMullan…

In the past five years, the Women's Movement and rising ethnic identity among white and racial minority groups have become facts of life in American society. Both movements challenged the myth of the American melting pot and the promise of "freedom, justice and liberty for all." The answer to apparent societal fragmentation may be found in an…

A study analyzed and compared four selected models in the cyclical tradition of group development as a basis for identifying possible issues and implications for future theory building. The theorists whose models were examined were Leland Bradford, Jack Gibb, William Schutz, and Theodore Mills. Both historical and conceptual perspectives of the…

SEVEN HUNDRED SEVEN NAVAL AVIATION TRAINEES FROM THREE STAGES OF TRAINING WERE ADMINISTERED AN ANONYMOUS QUESTIONNAIRE THAT ASKED THEM TO GIVE THEIR OWN DEFINITION OF MORALE. THEY WERE THEN INSTRUCTED TO RATE THEIR OWN MORALE ON A TEN-POINT SCALE USING THEIR DEFINITION AS A FRAME OF REFERENCE. A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE DEFINITIONS IDENTIFIED THE…

RELATIVELY STANDARD SOCIOMETRIC PROCEDURES WERE USED IN THREE SMALL MICHIGAN COMMUNITIES TO IDENTIFY WOMEN SAID TO HAVE HIGH INFLUENCE. DATA ON PARTICIPATION, DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, AND PERCEPTIONS OF ADULT EDUCATION WERE THEN OBTAINED IN PERSONAL INTERVIEWS. SOME MAJOR FINDINGS WERE THAT THE INFLUENTIALS BELONGED TO MORE THAN ONE…

The handbook for leaders discusses ways in which scouting helps and how the unit serves the boys. Advancement, rank, and the boys are discussed; boy scout tests (tenderfoot and second class interpretation for mentally retarded boys), group activities, and a sample ceremony are detailed. Listings are given of membership provisions, helps for…

This wide-ranging discussion begins by briefly reviewing the background of the current small-group movement: what started out as individual therapy eventually led to group therapy. The term "therapy" is now being dropped and small groups are becoming a new, here-to-stay, soial institution. The need for an open, safe vehicle for self-expression is…

The investigation of race relations, of social problems related to race and ethnicity, and of different racial and social groups, all presume prior information about the definition of racial or ethnic group identity, about the formation, maintenance, and dissolution of such identities, and about the importance of such identities in American…

This booklet, drawing from research on intergroup relations, presents classroom teachers with those items which promise to be the most help to them. Research advances in intergroup relations are briefly discussed, while major portions of the booklet examine basic concepts in intragroup relations and intergroup concepts of particular significance…