This paper applied findings from studies using the kind of viewing measures used by social scientists, to the relationship between programing and viewership when viewership is measured by means used by producers. Total aggregate viewership and the relationship of viewers' ages to viewership was concentrated on. Effects of competing programs on…

There has been an increasing emphasis on the social responsibility of media within the past 25 years. Social responsibility began with the Fairness Doctrine, the Equal Time Rule, and other Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulations, but was expanded further when cigarette commercials were banned in 1971. Freedom of speech in programing…

Based on a review of relevant literature, a report was prepared which examines the impact of viewing violence on television on the social behavior of the viewer. An introduction discusses a definition of violence and proposes reasons why violence may appeal to viewers. The remainder of the text examines three major research questions: (l) the…

A pilot study was conducted to measure comprehension of affective bits on "Sesame Street" in children ages three to five years. Subjects were shown bits extracted from previous programs relating to two affective areas, anger and pride, and comprehension questions were administered at the end of the viewing. The questions attempted to…

The following methods are suggested to measure the comprehensibility of Children's Television Workshop productions: (1) comprehension tests inserted into the program; (2) dual audio testing--a technique which inserts comprehension questions into the empty spaces in the regular program audio track; and (3) program interruptions which permit…

The nation's communication system of the 1980s--being developed now--will be dominated by a cable television (CTV) and public access to mass communication channels, promising a tremendous enlargement of the country's communication potential, will be a reality. At present, however, the Federal Communication Commission's operational definition of…

A time lapse camera loaded with Super 8 film was employed to photographically record the area in front of a conventional television receiver in selected homes. The camera took one picture each minute for three days, including in the same frame the face of the television receiver. Family members kept a conventional viewing diary of their viewing…

The guide opens with a discussion of television's limitations: its initial blankness; its technical constraints; its need for studios; its relatively high costs; the need for extensive planning; and its need to be integrated into a broader program. A discussion of television's strengths follows: its flexibility; its ability to focus and magnify;…

The status of noncommercial television in West Virginia is described in a number of articles in this journal. Activities of West Virginia's three educational television stations (WWVU-TV, WSWP-TV, and WMUL-TV) are related. County service and participation are noted. Attention is given to campus and school use of educational television. Other…

Two articles comprise the bulk of this bulletin. One discusses the use of television equipment in the teaching of psychiatry, dwelling on eight different program formats which have been developed and on five major areas in which the use of television and videotape recorders offers distinct advantages. The second article offers a review of the…

This presentation is concerned with television as it relates to the planning and administration of facilities in which it is utilized. The role of television as a teaching aid, teaching medium, and teacher is discussed. Consideration is given to the following aspects concerned with implementing educational television: plant layout, amount of space…

This study sought to determine what influence the following variables had upon the television viewing by an older audience: age, sex, marital status, work status, mobility, health, income, living arrangements, individual interpersonal relationships, family and friends, and the language spoken. Subjects included 300 urban residents and 174 suburban…

To enhance knowledge of television content, a prosocial code was developed by watching a large number of potentially prosocial television programs and making notes on all the positive acts. The behaviors were classified into a workable number of categories. The prosocial code is largely verbal and contains seven categories which fall into two…

A cooperative study, sponsored by Atlantic City and Cape May County, New Jersey, investigated the prospects for extending library services throughout the seashore resort/rural areas with the use of cable television. A review of the evolution of cable TV, CATV, two-way television and the interactive cable concluded that the equipment and technology…

In his remarks delivered at the Second National Symposium on Children and Television, Federal Communications Commissioner Nicholas Johnson charges that television is not adequately serving those 20 million Americans under the age of five. He scores the networks for the inane, if not actually harmful, nature of their programming and for the…