Results of a survey of training in Australia indicate that a large majority of the Australian work force (79 percent) undertook some form of job-related training in 1989, mostly informal on-the-job training. Amount varied by type of company, gender, place of birth, and educational attainment. (JOW)

Focuses on the effects of Europe 1992 on the vocational training of workers, youth, and the unemployed within the European Community, with particular emphasis on the lessons the United States might learn. (Author)

Describes the provisions of the Re-employment Act of 1994 and looks at why it has not passed in Congress. Reasons include an objection to a temporary unemployment payroll tax becoming permanent and the lack of consolidation of current programs. (JOW)

Subsidized employment had substantial and long-lived effects on earnings and welfare benefits in a study of more than 9,000 welfare recipients 3 years after program entry. Although not always cost effective for taxpayers, subsidized employment had positive net benefits for participants and society. (SK)

Although the German dual system is frequently touted as a model, it has disadvantages. Much of the cost fall on trainees, it takes a long time to achieve adult status and pay, and young workers are given few responsibilities. It is not recommended for adaptation in Britain. (SK)

A telephone survey of nearly 2,000 small businesses in Britain showed employers had positive attitudes about training but 85% had not provided any for at least a year. Interviews with 200 cited market position, economic conditions, and lack of training availability as causes. They felt national training policies lacked focus, coherence, and…

Employers pay higher starting wages to workers requiring less training, but do not give lower starting wages to workers requiring more training. Employers appear to pay most of the cost of and reap most of the returns to training. (SK)

ISO 9000 certification has the advantages of a measurable framework for quality efforts, continuous improvement, and better customer service. Drawbacks for education and training providers include volume of paperwork, ongoing cost, risk of a growing bureaucracy, and the difficulty of making changes quickly. (SK)

Measures the impact of pre-job training programs on subsequent earnings of trainees, particularly engineers employed by high-tech firms in Taiwan. Concludes that public training programs have no impact on earnings but participation in private training programs does have a significantly positive effect on earnings, and compares results with…

Discusses the definition and roles of educational technologists. Highlights include an historical background; formal training programs; the marketplace for job opportunities in the field; job titles; and what attracted students to the field. (LRW)

Event-history analysis of data from 1979-91 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth panels (3,108 women, 3,003 men) showed that women received less initial company-provided training. Occupational gender segregation and family obligations afforded men better training opportunities than women. (SK)

Data from a national survey of 2945 employers showed that those most likely to have formal training programs were larger and had high-performance work systems, capital-intensive production, and better-educated workers. More workers were trained in companies with larger investments in physical capital or new forms of work organization. (SK)

Case studies of transportation needs of individuals with severe disabilities illustrate various methods of training them in transportation use and locating options. (SK)

Line managers in empowering (n=58) and nonempowering (n=37) British companies were compared. Although "empowered" managers felt better equipped to supervise, they appeared undertrained and unmotivated to develop staff. "Empowerment" was often indistinguishable from work intensification. (SK)

Seven case studies of Dutch organizations were used to analyze the relationship between organizational characteristics and types of on-the-job training (OJT) using contingency theory. When the type of structured OJT corresponded to the type of organization, the probability of effectiveness was greater. (SK)