As part of a larger study of instructional issues for English as a second language (ESL), current literature is reviewed and summarized in four major areas affecting the teaching and learning of ESL in grades K-12: ESL instructional approaches, patterns of curriculum organization, instructional materials, and language learning theories. In the…

Rural education may be the beneficiary of the current national focus on educational reform since concerns have centered on improving education for all students regardless of where they live, a direction not emphasized in most previous reform movements. The reforms bring challenges relating to teacher certification, curriculum, facilities, student…

A new teaching methodology, the "problem-posing" approach, is advocated in place of the traditional system of education. Experience in teaching the "Principles of Economics" course at the University of North Dakota is used as illustration. The problem-posing approach can create a learning atmosphere that is more conducive to…

Reports from contact schools in twelve countries participating in the Council of Europe's project on innovation in primary education are summarized in this paper. It begins with tables providing an overview of the schools participating in the project and their specific projects. Following this are detailed reports from each country. Countries are:…

Designed to focus on student learning and to illustrate techniques that might be used with computers to facilitate that process, this paper discusses five types of computer use in educational settings: (1) learning ABOUT computers; (2) learning WITH computers; (3) learning FROM computers; (4) learning ABOUT THINKING with computers; and (5)…

Based on a project concerned with studying invention across the curriculum, this paper discusses an across-the-curriculum writing program that encourages students to take control of what they are studying, contributing to what is known rather than being passively filled by it. The paper (1) challenges the current notion that creative behavior is a…

The impact on an organization's capacity to respond inevitably to changing needs of the many variables affecting the organization is considered, along with a framework for developing innovations, especially in a time when colleges are facing a period of contraction. A contingency approach to the management of innovation focuses on the influence of…

KD Toolkit shows a representative synthesis of the best practices learned by world-renowned instructors in a top ranked online MBA program in the United States. This article will share and discuss the pedagogical implications of this learning technology and the leadership and innovative effort of the program that afforded the development of KD…

The main purpose of this report is to help improve the management, development, and implementation of one of the major innovations in the field of education in the last few decades, namely the use of computer facilities in education. Based on an investigation of relevant literature and upon the answers to an international questionnaire, it has…

In this inventory of the main efforts at improvement in the New York City public schools since 1970, there is particular emphasis on activities from 1974 to 1976. Various kinds of programs are discussed including: educational programs; programs within traditional classroom settings and within alternative schools outside; public sector programs;…

Three conference papers comprise the bulk of this report on understanding "new students" and their academic needs. "The Promise of Learning Through Developmental Programs", by Johnnie Ruth Clarke, deals with the effectiveness of developmental studies while shattering misconceptions surrounding the labels typically assigned these students, such as…

The problem of primary education has existed for some time in both the western and eastern regions of the United Republic of Cameroon in Africa. It was generally accepted that the main reason for the poor performance of the education system was the insufficient training of the vast majority of primary school teachers. From the beginning, ENIR…

In most schools the duties of the principal are not defined. A principal who is concerned with improvement of the instructional program has a wide range of roles to play. However, feelings run strong in the controversy over whether principals can or ought to be instructional leaders in their schools. Lack of time, power, clear role definition, and…

A nationwide, longitudinal study investigated changes in student achievement in grades 1-12 associated with intensive educational innovation. Standardized reading, language, and arithmetic test scores; student and teacher background and attitudinal data; and educational characteristics underlying school programs were obtained over a three-year…

This handbook is addressed to organizations with goals related to post high school learning. Basic information is provided about future societal developments in the United States that should be taken into consideration in making organizational decisions. Some practical methods for long-range planning are also outlined. Four areas of societal…