Sex differences in play are apparent in a number of mammalian species, including humans. Prenatal testosterone may contribute to these differences. The authors report the first attempt to correlate gender-typed play in a normative sample of humans with measurements of amniotic testosterone (aT). Testosterone was measured in the amniotic fluid of…

To bring out Giyoo Hatano's contributions to the understanding of culture and cognitive development, we note first his special style--thoughtful, inventive, and always focused on central issues and on combining theory with data--and then, for three areas, some of the conceptual advances he proposed. The areas have to do with ties between cognitive…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between stuttering and a range of variables of possible relevance, with the main focus on neuromuscular reactivity, and anxiety. The explorative analysis also included temperament, biochemical variables, heredity, preonset lesions, and altered auditory feedback (AAF). An increased level of…

This study was conducted to examine women and HIV/AIDS epidemic: the issue of school age girls' awareness in Nigeria information was elicited from 1,222 randomly selected regular under-graduate female students from the 11 faculties of the university of Lagos, Nigeria, with the use of a standardized structured questionnaire. Results of the major…

Using data from the reading component of the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test (N = 113,050), the effects of gender and curricular track for nine sub-scores of reading achievement were investigated. Only students indicating that they did not receive additional programming support were included in the analysis. Gender accounted for less than…

This review examines the available evidence in support of the argument that serum uric acid (SUA) possesses considerable promise as an indicator of one type of biochemical influence on achievement behavior. The evidence arguing for further research into the role of serum cholesterol in achievement behavior is also examined. (Author/JR)

One important source of biological determinants to intellectual behavior is the immediate family of origin. When family history is taken into consideration, it is necessary to examine the environmental aspects of intellectual development in conjunction with the biological. Herein lies the usefulness of a transactional model of development over…

Evaluated were the learning abilities and general adjustment of 50 5- to 14-year-old children who had pyloric stenosis (an easily correctable condition of starvation) in infancy. (CL)

The paper examines the incidence of minor physical anomalies (MPAs) in 42 normal junior high Ss, 24 kindergarten Ss in a middle class district, 52 status and misdemeanor delinquents, 70 adolescent psychiatric patients, 32 learning disabled children, and 10 autistic children. MPAs included facial asymmetry, epicanthal folds, and geographical or…

The purpose of this investigation was to determine if relationship existed between biorhythms and human performance. The subjects were volunteers from varsity athletic teams and physical education general program classes. Data from varsity athletes were collected from official results of varsity participation and from laboratory testing with the…

The author proposes a framework for the study of behavior and personality that takes into account phylogeny (development of genetically related groups of organisms) as well as ontogeny (course of development of an individual organism). The adaptive function of behavior is stressed. The author states that individual personality is a unique…

Described as a text for students in college courses of all disciplines relating to the mentally handicapped (education, medicine, psychology, rehabilitation and others), the collection of papers contains two introductory articles on the origins of intelligence and the meaning of mental handicaps. Eight papers devoted to the biological factors in…

Papers read before the Eighth Annual American Medical Association Air Pollution Medical Research Conference, Los Angeles, California, March 2-4, 1966, are presented in this document. Topics deal with basic approaches to the study of the effects of inhaled irritants on the lung; environmental parameters in relation to host responses; biological…

At each meeting of the Pan American Health Organization Advisory Committee on Medical Research, a special 1-day session is held on a topic chosen by the committee as being of particular interest. At the 7th meeting, which convened in June of 1968 in Washington, D.C., the session surveyed the origin, present distribution, and principal biological…

Tests of the predictivity of the biorhythm theory using 30 staff members of a psychiatry service and 50 patients of a college health center showed low correlations between the observed and predicted feeling states. Most were not statistically significant. (BB)