Proposes redefining the problem of illiteracy in terms of a "social-interaction perspective" that would emphasize the need "to acculturate students to the practices of reading in their communities" and the broad range of reading competencies required by today's society. (JBM)

Discusses differing meanings of literacy implicit in three metaphors, each rooted in assumptions about the social motivations for literacy, the nature of existing literacy practices, and judgments about which practices are critical for individual and social enhancement. Provides a study of the social meaning of literacy in a traditional society.…

Ten-week tutorials focused on improving the reading competency of employees of a city housing authority. Materials and techniques for adult learners were used. Vocabulary and comprehension scores and high levels of attendance (17 of 19 students attended 80 percent of the time) indicated the success of the program. (SK)

Distinguishes between functional and elective illiterates and attempts to explain the extent and causes of elective illiteracy in Canada. Describes a model of reading activity that confirms expected bivariate associations between elective illiteracy and education, settlement type, language, age, and occupation but reveals three complicating higher…

The author feels that the basic key to Tanzania's successful literacy program has been the national will to dare to eradicate illiteracy. Adult education centers/committees and a teacher training system were established; all mass media and national institutions were geared to promote the program. (EA)

A study examined the relevancy of freshman composition to writing in the workplace. Four professionals in middle management who had been out of college for a number of years were surveyed by e-mail about their writing in the workplace, college education, freshman writing classes, and importance of seven skills employers want employees to have.…

The author describes a UNESCO program to achieve functional literacy which has been especially successful in Tanzania with the cooperation of that country's government. Instructional programs must be designed for the illiterate adult with an emphasis on oral communication. (AG)

Adults, involved in their vocations, must be continually learning so that their productive efforts can be improved. Author spells out the need for literacy in agricultural occupations. (RK)

Two soft'' (non-formalized) models--the convergence model for R & D program management and a model of the processes of innovation in the public sector -- have been used in designing a strategy for a national right-to-read project. Covers the history of the project, an evaluation of the soft models, and a discussion of the conditions under…

Discusses the methodology of designing curricula and transferring knowledge skills, and aptitudes to adult workers.'' (Author)

Article discusses non-formal education for young adults of developing countries through World Education, an American non-profit organization. (MM)

Only excellent programs in literacy education can motivate an adult to develop or increase his reading skills; the direct economic advantages as well as the pleasures of reading must be made apparent. (JB)

Discusses England's responsibility to help upgrade developing nations through educational assistance. (BH)

High iteracy rates are found in the urban areas because it is difficult to live there without being literate, while the need to be literate is not so greatly felt in the rural areas. (PT)