A study was undertaken to determine the degree and nature of expectancy of reinforcement in high school underachievers, and to evaluate a method for modifying the internal versus external expectancies which relate to motivation for achievement and attainment of success. A computer instructional program was used to impart immediate reinforcement…

Studies in two areas of college reading research and their implications for secondary reading teachers are discussed: (1) the effectiveness of reading machines and (2) the effectiveness of techniques recommended for student use. Several studies evaluating the effectiveness of reading machines are reviewed, and weaknesses of research in this area…

The focus of this paper is on three questions: (1) What reading skills are important to social studies achievement? (2) How can these skills be operationally defined for research and practice? and (3) How can the application of such research findings be effected? Several sources of research and discussions on reading and its relation to content…

The relationship between client perceptions and counselor effectiveness in a group setting was examined. An attempt was made to identify client-perceived counselor qualities which are related to outcome (change in grade point average) in a group counseling program designed to effect academic recovery with probationary students. The students,…

The reading policy issued by the Arizona State Board of Education in July 1971 requires that high school graduates after 1974-75 shall, in addition to other regular graduation requirements, demonstrate ability to read at least a ninth grade level of proficiency. Each local school board has complete autonomy to develop its own performance…

The first step in arriving at techniques for the improvement of reading rate is the careful and thoughtful formulation of a specific objective. Once a reading rate objective has been phrased, the next step is to examine all available resources of help in reaching that objective. These resources include films for use with regular motion picture…

The purpose of this study was to determine whether repeated sessions of reading practice within the home, directed by a person who would support and encourage the pupil, would result in a significant increase in reading achievement. Eight boys and eight girls were selected at random from each of six second grade classrooms in two elementary…

This book, intended for use in high school and junior college classes, is designed to introduce students to word study, with special emphasis on the use of the dictionary. The materials can be used for a full semester or longer, in various sections of an English class, or in private study. The author gives special emphasis to three particular…

The primary purpose of this study was to provide a partial basis for business education teachers to give relevance and direction to individual student learning by developing and improving student reading and study skills. The professional literature from the past fifteen years that dealt with reading and study skills improvement of students in…

A learning center at San Bernardino Valley College was established to diagnose and correct reading deficiencies in their students. The learning center focuses on specific reading skills and uses prescriptive teaching to tailor the method and materials to the individual students. Test scores indicate the particular reading problems the student has,…

Research conducted at Cornell University over the past decade suggests seven different learning competency factors are more pertinent to ineffective learning at the secondary school and college levels than reading competency. The Cornell Learning and Study Skills Inventory (CLASSIC) was developed to assess these factors, to serve as a means for…

The primary function of the reading consultant is to work with teachers in effecting change in attitude, method, and curriculum so that all students move toward their full potential in learning. To accomplish this function, the consultant can assist teachers in several ways. First, he can help teachers conceive of reading as a thinking process…

The effects of the use of traditional series readiness workbooks and subsequent delay in beginning reading instruction on reading achievement at the middle and end of first grade were investigated. Fifty-seven percent of the children in a suburban school district used traditional readiness workbooks and of the remaining 43%, some used non-series…

Difficulties in staffing ever increasing numbers of college reading improvement programs makes this an area in which paraprofessionals can be of great value. One source of personnel for college reading programs, not strictly paraprofessional but called that for lack of a more explicit term, is graduate students in reading education. Training…

Subject-area teachers are not expected to be reading experts, but they can help students overcome reading difficulties. Students often fail to meet the subject-matter demands due to lack of purpose in reading content, unfamiliarity with technical vocabulary, and the heavy concept load and idea density in the material. Teachers can use reading…