The relationship between surface area and dynamics of processes can be demonstrated by adding iron at room temperature to liquid nitrogen. The rate at which the liquid nitrogen boils to produce gas is related to the surface area of the iron. Adding iron in the form of consistent units that have measurable sizes can be readily connected to…

The research aims to investigate the effect of learning environments enriched with multisensory reading activities on reading comprehension, reading comprehension strategies and reading motivation of primary school fourth-grade students. When the methods related to the reading comprehension process are analysed, the students' meaning process is…

Creative potential is one of the most important topics for research. It is difficult to study because, unlike creative products, potential is by definition latent. There are several useful methods. One involves comparing creative activity expressed in various settings. Previous research has, for example, compared creativity expressed in school…

This chapter focuses on the utopian methodological approach taken up by social design-based experiments, their conceptual underpinnings, and commitments. The methods are drawn from Gutiérrez's empirical work and detail ways of seeing and capturing human learning activity crucial to envisioning and enacting new social futures with radical…

Historically, spectacle emerges as an inevitable phenomenon in any society, and is crucial to promote a sense of identity and community. Leading up to the present day, spectacle becomes even more central to culture due to the increasing importance of the mass media. Yet, spectacle rejects any "a priori" ethical alignment; namely, it can…

The design and operation of an inverted cone, scalable vapor condenser, drawing cooling air from beyond the boundary layer and optionally working as a part of a gastight setup, are described and discussed. Besides its main use as a reflux condenser, it can also be used in one-plate distillations.

The combination of large volumes of woody fuel needing disposal after forestry activities and evolving regulatory restrictions makes traditional methods of pile burning increasingly difficult. Alternatively, using small kilns to pyrolyze these fuels on-site yields a potentially valuable product: biochar. In this article, we describe an educational…

The present study replicated and extended previous research by exploring the extent to which rules altered participants' engagement in risky betting in an electronic blackjack game. A multiple-baseline across-participants design with predetermined phase changes was used to assess 4 recreational gamblers' betting patterns in blackjack across 3…

Pre literacy skills in young children have been well established. Explorations of the parallel concept of pre mathematic skills in young children are minimal. Recommendations for how to engage young children, specifically infants, in math have been limited to caregiver counting games. This colloquium presents an example of how an 11-month-old is…

Despite a growing focus on constraints to leisure participation among African Americans, a gap in the research remains when it comes to understanding the lived experiences of African American women and their outdoor recreation participation. This study explored African American women's constraints to leisure participation in outdoor recreation…

Kids Creative is a New York City nonprofit that runs afterschool and summer programs with over 1,000 youth each year. The programs they run use this creativity-oriented process to produce original musicals, works of art, videos, dances, and more. When Kids Creative received grant funding, they were able to include more youth and add homework help,…

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the patterns of objectively measured sedentary behaviour in adults with intellectual disabilities. Methods: Baseline accelerometer data were pooled from two randomized controlled trials of lifestyle behaviour change programmes for adults with intellectual disabilities. Patterns of sedentary…

The purpose of this study was to adapt the "Attitudes toward Physical Activity Scale" (APAS) for Turkish higher education students. Study was conducted during 2018-2019 autumn semester at a public university in the central Anatolia region of Turkey. The APAS was applied to 1021 voluntary university students from eleven different…

Connected learning explains how people can build learning pathways that connect their interests, relationships, and formal learning to lead toward future opportunities such as careers. However, most learning systems are not set up ideally for connected learning; for instance, most schools still teach disciplines as discrete units that do not…

Introduction: Identifying a dose of physical activity (PA) that can improve cognitive function in children has important implications for school-day PA recommendations. Researchers and educators have interest in this link as it relates to both health and academic performance. This study examined the dose-response relationship between PA and…