The second phase of a three-phase study undertaken in Iowa provided a detailed analysis of the adult basic education/English-as-a-Second-Language (ABE/ESL) population. Objectives were to determine student motivation, segment the ESL population into groups based on group behavior, segment the population into groups based on ethnicity, and describe…

This 2-year study, which took a multidisciplinary approach to the problem of discovering principles for designing effective multimedia instruction, focused on the effects on instructional effectiveness of the discourse structure of instructional materials and the coordination of multiple instructional media. The task domain was a logic box said to…

This is the second annual report of the Army Research Institute's (ARI) basic research program. It describes the current focus of the program and the individual research efforts sponsored within each of the four principal thrust areas: ability assessment; instructional technology; cognitive processing limitations; and intelligent systems. In…

A theory of the components of verbal intelligence is developed and tested in this series of experiments. After reviewing alternative theoretical frameworks for understanding verbal intelligence, a componential theory of verbal comprehension is proposed. This theory specifies the information-processing components, context cues, and mediating…

Intended for those who want to encourage children to read, this book deals with children learning to read at different stages and explores four assumptions: reading is an important thing to do; reading is learned by reading; what beginning readers read makes all the difference to their view of reading; and to be successful, teaching and learning…

The effect of increased writing or planning time on a test of basic college level writing ability was studied. The essay portion of the New Jersey College Basic Skills Placement Test was given to students in nine New Jersey public colleges and three New Jersey public high schools. Each student wrote two essays on two different topics. The first…

To develop a new model of the reading process, a longitudinal study investigated the importance of the concepts of cohesion and register (fiction or nonfiction) in the assessment of text readability. Subjects, 436 8-year-olds (Cohort A), 474 10-year-olds (Cohort B), and 445 13-year-olds (Cohort C) from 23 urban and rural British schools--most of…

Ascertaining changes in cognitive correlates of learning as students advanced through hierarchical instruction, 24 individual difference measures were obtained from 166 Navy trainees who had completed a computer-managed mastery course in electricity and electronics. Three types of cognitive characteristic measures were used in the study--tests of…

A study examined the influence of classroom organization, student age, and student ability on 122 students' perceptions of who were the "better readers" in their classrooms. The students were members of one second grade and one fifth grade receiving reading instruction in a whole-class format; a second-third grade combination classroom taught with…

This second volume of a three-volume report presents research conducted in the former New Castle County (Delaware) School District to discover whether the overrepresentation of minority students in special education and lower academic groupings that occurred from 1979 to 1982 resulted from discriminatory practices or not. (The district was…

In both within-network and between-network analyses of the self, research results have indicated internal consistency, construct and discriminant validity in terms of multitrait-multimethod techniques, with discriminating weights for gender and age. Factor analyses have yielded a variety of clusters, including most often a self concept of ability.…

Designed to aid students in career planning, this booklet outlines some basic principles and techniques needed to organize a job search. It is divided into five sections. Each section focuses on one major step in the process of job seeking: Self-Appraisal, Job Search, Job Application, Job Interview, and Job Maintenance. A brief outline of topics…

Peer influence on students has been of interest to sociologists for some time. But most studies of elementary classroom interaction have focused primarily on teacher-student interaction. A study of peer influence on other group members was designed to explain why students assigned to low ability groups became inattentive more frequently than…

This monograph presents a discussion of the problems involved in implementing sex-fair coeducational classes in physical education. Suggestions, which grew out of a symposium on coeducational physical education, are offered on procedures that may be used for ability grouping, such as what type of test(s) are appropriate and when to use single or…

The findings of this study support the position that well designed and implemented concept lessons are more effective in facilitating concept acquisition and retention than the conventional means of teaching concepts presented in social studies textbooks. Participating in the study were 147 students randomly assigned to a two-day treatment…