A discussion of foreign languages in elementary schools (FLES) includes both historical and current overviews of FLES in the United States and makes recommendations for development of FLES programs. The historical review looks at program design and methods during the 1950s and 1960s and the successes and failures of program types and approaches.…

In response to a new Taiwanese educational policy reducing the importance of English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) education for non-English majors at the university level, a survey was undertaken of the 17 universities concerning their Freshman English for Non-majors (FENM) curricula and the degree of control over instruction held by teachers.…

A collection of essays on Chinese heritage community language schools in the United States addresses these topics: the schools, their curricula, and organization (Theresa Hsu Chao); school administration and management (Chao, Lydia Chen, Edward Chang); academic curriculum (Pay-Fen Serena Wang); non-heritage Chinese learners: practices and…

The Commanding English Program at the University of Minnesota is designed to meet the educational and social needs of academically underprepared students whose native language is not English. Most of the students in this population are Southeast Asian refugees with interrupted education who have finished high school in the United States. The…

Practical difficulties in placing economics students and designing instructional materials in English as a Second Language at the University of Antwerp (Belgium), and techniques used for resolving these difficulties, are described. First-year students arrive with heterogeneous backgrounds because, unlike in other European countries, there is no…

Issues in children's language learning, particularly as it relates to learning English as a Second Language (ESL), are discussed. The book is intended as a practical resource for regular or ESL teachers. The first chapter looks at the processes by which and conditions in which children become bilingual, both at home and in school. The second…

This guide to departmental planning in British secondary school modern language programs offers suggestions for producing effective work and curriculum plans. An introductory section outlines the reasons for departmental planning and discusses briefly the format and content of effective staff meetings. The second section addresses common…

This work is one in a series that focuses on nine languages representing the bulk of the second language learning effort in Australian education (Arabic, Modern Standard Chinese, French, German, Modern Greek, Indonesian/Malay, Italian, Japanese, and Spanish). These languages were categorized as the Languages of Wider Teaching. Overviews of Arabic…

This issue of a journal designed to serve as a forum for the exchange of ideas among students and scholars on various aspects of linguistics in education contains the following papers: "The Importance of Participant Role in Cooperative Learning" (Rebecca Freeman); "The Trap of Generalization: A Case of Encountering a New…

A five-year period of particular activity in Australian language policy and language planning culminated with the 1991 publication of the White Paper called Australia's Language, which outlines proposed government programs in languages until 1994. Many of the papers in this theme issue of the journal of the Applied Linguistics Association of…

The selection and use of authentic reading materials for Spanish instruction of graduate-level international management students is described. Focus is on materials used in the second and third semesters of a 3-semester language course designed to foster communication skills. In the early part of the second semester, students present oral reports…

A discussion of the school based management movement outlines the forces influencing the movement, examines the process of change as a key factor in implementation of school based management, discusses how roles of key personnel and key players shape the design and implementation of school based management, and describes the steps that bilingual…

During the 1989-90 school year, the Russian/Greek Bilingual Comprehensive Instructional program was fully implemented, serving 707 limited-English-speaking native Russian- and Greek-speaking students at seven public and three private high schools. Participating students received instruction in English as a Second Language (ESL), native language…

Despite a common attitude that it is very difficult, and possibly unwise, to try to teach Mandarin Chinese to speakers of other dialects, there is a social and academic need for this kind of course, and it is possible to teach it successfully to most students. In the University of Alberta's program the likely candidates are the large group of…

The findings of a study of language and language education policy in each of the three independent nations of Comoros, Mauritius, and the Seychelles are reported in this book. Each country is discussed separately, focusing on the linguistic and educational history, the existing educational system, and current language policies and programs.…