Researchers have examined the relationship between the competitiveness of elections and the responsiveness or receptivity of officials put into office by those elections. The author describes his research into the competitiveness of school board elections and the receptivity of those board members. Receptivity is defined as an official's support…

Planning (including educational planning) is by nature a political activity. Educational planning begins with, operates through, and ends with politics. Since politics is a crucial factor in determining the nature and effectiveness of a plan, to be efficient planners, management personnel and other planners should study politics and calculate the…

A discussion of client evaluation is presented. One of the initial elements in performing an evaluation is "framing the decision context." In framing this context, the evaluator is faced with several key questions, for example, "Who are the decision makers or decision audiences to whom he will be presenting information?" and "What are the likely…

Adult education in Sweden is closely interrelated with the prevailing ideology in that society. The predominant ideology in Sweden consists of firm and active commitment to lifelong learning, achieving the 'learned society', socioeconomic and political democracy, full employment, individual growth and dignity, and overall egalitarianism. Welfare,…

This paper reviews the Westley-MacLean communication model, suggests some important research questions generated by it, and discusses recent research in mass media. A brief review of recent research suggests that the concept of agenda setting may be usefully superimposed on the Westley-MacLean model to reveal partial answers to some of these…

Examines three models of social science inputs to social policy formulation and argues that they are all inadequate, because they fail to account adequately for the nature of the policy process and the political environment. (Available from NTL Institute for Applied Behavioral Science, P. O. Box 9155, Rosslyn Station, Arlington, VA 22209; $19.00…

Discusses the political activity of the principal in intraschool departments as well as in external agencies and resources in the school community. (Author)

Explores the dialectic of power in the workings of university autonomy. Defines the concepts of power and dialectic; examines the potential for autonomy in any university; and identifies external factors which may create obstacles to university autonomy. (Author/AV)

Presents some initial thoughts about a Marxist interpretation of Black American literature, raises some relevant issues, and charts some possible directions that a Marxist criticism of Black literature could take. (Author/GW)

Among the liberation themes reflected in the Indian occupation of Alcatraz are the following: (1) self-determination; (2) public relations; (3) the concept of peaceful coexistence; (4) forging all-Indian unity; (5) educational opportunity; (6) cultural revitalization; (7) identification and assistance; (8) changing the Bureau of Indian Affairs;…

Offers a critique of the origins and policies of Jesse Jackson's Project EXCEL. (IRT)

Examination of its historical development indicates that while Congressional Black Caucus legislative priorities have become more focused, on the other hand these priorities are not the result of a careful analysis of what is or is not a black issue but rather of the economic climate which led to concentration on economic issues. (Author/AM)

Concludes that in spite of the small number of black women office holders, they have been able to maneuver themselves to be on target when critical issues are of concern to their legislative districts. (Author/AM)

Looks at the type of political television commercial (image or issue) and the length (five minutes or sixty seconds) and compares the effects of the type and length on candidate evaluation, recall of commercial content, and the likelihood of voting for the candidate. (MH)