Describes distinctions between learning, training, development, and education and illustrates how different models of human resource management/development influence their meaning. Concludes that training, development, and education are an integrated whole linked by the concept of learning. (SK)

Parallel to the primary, secondary, postsecondary, and adult/community education sectors is education not associated with formal programs--learning in arts and cultural sites. The emergence of cultural and educational tourism is an opportunity for adult/community education to define itself by extending lifelong learning opportunities into parallel…

Two case studies were conducted: (1) linear innovation through technology diffusion in Dutch agriculture and (2) knowledge sources and learning processes of Dutch farmer- entrepreneurs. Learning and innovation were central to entrepreneurship. Innovative learning involved balancing the chaos of uncertainty and the status quo of experience.…

Residents of a rural Australian community identified people considered informal teachers. Informal learning was characterized as arising through natural social interactions and involving interpersonal relationships and information exchange. Informal teachers were discovered through heterophilous contacts and had experience and expertise. (Contains…

Case studies of six adult literacy students revealed factors that had influenced them to stop and restart formal education: family conditions, traumatic events, initial schooling experiences, social networks, personal motivations, and informal learning experiences. The influence of contextual factors on literacy learning and characteristics of…

Interviews with 36 members of 4 rural community betterment groups found that citizens typically learn through direct experience, vicarious experience, and guided experience. They also change their feelings and ways of thinking about groups and develop new awareness of themselves and others. (Author/SK)

Outlines 26 activities to help parents develop informal learning experiences which foster an interest in reading, including bookmaking, grocery shopping, read aloud sessions, and zoo trips. (MM)

Interviews with 56 practice nurses, 29 general practitioners (GPs), 23 health administrators, and 1 government official revealed that nurses use a variety of education and training opportunities; GPs largely let nurses take responsibility for their continuing education. The informal nature of training opportunities and lack of funding were…

Evaluation of a workplace literacy program at a mining and processing plant involved interviews with 15 participants. Most used learning guides and valued computer-based learning but disliked videos. Observing and listening helped them move from knowing about to knowing how. (SK)

Professional associations are providers of updated and extended professional knowledge, builders of frameworks for enacting knowledge in practice, and change catalysts. Their roles are influenced by their content area, association structure, external linkages, and members' work organizations. (SK)

A Tuscarora farmer reminisces about growing up on the farm and discusses agricultural practices and food preservation then and now, the central place of corn in Indian culture, community gatherings to accomplish large farm tasks, and teaching his children both agriculture and traditions through hands-on experience. (SV)

Analysis of communicative interactions of community residents using interviews, diaries, and tape recordings revealed how learning may occur incidentally in social organizations, chance meetings, and other community interactions. Such community learning serves to transmit skills, knowledge, and values. Community groups provide pathways to skilled…

A practice-based learning model, involving self-directed learning, critical self-reflection, intentional active learning, and learning community, provides a way to structure informal continuing professional education (CPE) that occurs in practice. As individuals assume more responsibility for their learning, the legitimacy of informal CPE should…

Points out that learning in Western cultures is predominately concerned with left-brain, or rational, knowledge. Discusses the importance of balancing our learning systems with right-brain, or intuitive, knowledge; how outdoor and experiential learning can help foster this balance; and the role of the instructor as facilitator rather than teacher.…

Examines letters written by more than 700 participants in a citizen-science project conducted by the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology. Finds that nearly eighty percent of the letters, which were unsolicited and not connected with a formal evaluation, revealed that participants had engaged in thinking processes similar to those that are part of…