Memory consolidation during sleep does not benefit all memories equally. Initial encoding strength appears to play a role in governing where sleep effects are seen, but it is unclear whether sleep preferentially consolidates weaker or stronger memories. We manipulated encoding strength along two dimensions--the number of item presentations, and…

Purpose: The goal of this study was to explore the relationships among vocal effort, extrinsic laryngeal muscle activity, and vocal tract length (VTL) within healthy speakers. We hypothesized that increased vocal effort would result in increased suprahyoid muscle activation and decreased VTL, as previously observed in individuals with vocal…

Transition theory posits that autobiographical memories are organized by major life transitions, which is often supported by the Living-in-History effect that occurs when people frequently refer to public events to support their date estimates of personal events. In the present study, 52 Chinese older adults in Hong Kong recalled autobiographical…

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the physiological demands of trampolining, in comparison with treadmill running, using a larger sample size and a wider range of physiological measures, than had been reported in the previous research. Method: Twenty-three healthy adults completed three, three-minute exercise bouts on both a trampoline…

This article provides a critical analysis of adult educators' cherished notion of "experiential learning" and of the ways in which our assumptions limit our ability to respond effectively to a world of "truthiness" and "alternative facts."

Purpose: Respiratory-swallow coordination is vital for airway protection, preventing aspiration, or penetration of foreign material into the airway. With the implementation of the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative definitions for different liquid consistencies used in dysphagia management, it is important to establish whether…

This chapter focuses on the Renewed European Agenda on Adult Learning and elucidates the three substantive authoritative functions (i.e. legal, epistemic and procedural) it performs to ease European governance in the adult education policy domain. It traces the development of the European policy objectives in the area of adult learning and the…

Framed by poststructuralist theory of identity, this phenomenological study explores Bhutanese refugee youth's lived experiences before- and after-resettlement and the ways that these experiences influence their identity navigation. Data from this study come from a two-year phenomenological study with a recently resettled Bhutanese refugee…

Mastering mathematics is often challenging for many students; however, the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) offers numerous advantages, including enhanced data analysis, automated feedback, and the potential for creating more interactive and engaging learning environments. Despite these benefits, there is a need for comprehensive reviews that…

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to analyze how the popular comic book series DC Graphic Novel for Young Adults depicts superhero, civilian and villains of color in the titles and address how the collection engages in or avoids discussions of racism. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a critical race content analysis to analyze how…

For reasons explored within the paper, adolescents excluded from mainstream education are more likely to use cannabis regularly. Research into the cannabis use (CU) of adolescents excluded from mainstream school in the United Kingdom (UK) is limited and seldom focuses on what students perceive as effective support. In this exploratory study,…

Background: The current study explored the perspectives of staff working with adults with intellectual disabilities and behaviours that challenge. We sought insight into their understanding of procedural fidelity and challenges faced when implementing behaviour support. Method: We interviewed 15 staff members supporting adults with intellectual…

ESL teachers play important roles in teaching English and cultural orientation to immigrants coming to the US. They serve a variety of people residing legally within the United States such as permanent residents, refugees, migrant workers, asylees, parolees, and some citizens and international students. They also serve undocumented immigrants.…

Regarding the three main features of scaffolding, namely, contingency, fading, and the transfer of responsibility, contingency entails the assistance adjusted to a learner's existing level of understanding. The present study investigated the effect of the model of contingent teaching on improving Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL)…

Background: Staff supporting people with intellectual disabilities may experience work-related stress that adversely impacts their wellbeing and capacity to provide support. Acceptance and Commitment Training interventions like Promotion of Acceptance in Carers and Teachers (PACT) have been shown to be effective for reducing stress and promoting…