Advocates a new form of literary criticism, which combines the subjectivist and objectivist approaches. The author argues that literary criticism which includes comparisons of the reader's response to the text with its actual content, and with alternative viewpoints, provides new opportunities for personal growth. (AM)

Evidence for the increasing recognition of maturational lag in addition to intellectual impairment, associated with the syndrome of early onset psychosis, is presented to indicate that developmental variables play a central role in the behavioral profile of autistic children. (Author)

Kipling's view of the child, as expressed in his writings, focused on the vision of growth or becoming, fostered by activity. Action was to be directed by a firm and conservative moral code, with initiative allowed on some occasions so that change could occur. (MSE)

Considers the impact that social changes in the 1970s had on black men. Discusses young blacks' school experiences and role models; military experience; the labor market and affirmative action; and the masculine mystique that affects the expectations of black men. (MK)

A first and second grade teacher who is also a victim of multiple sclerosis discusses her attitudes towards her work, her life, and her disease. (LH)

There are eight categories of sociological perspectives which affect the way different individuals perceive the same values. Everyone is in one of the categories, but can move up or down depending on the life situation at any particular time. (CT)

Leisure offers a new direction of expansion in avocational evaluation and work adjustment to meet disabled client needs currently frustrated by lack of work opportunities. Tools and techniques are available to help clients select leisure goals, however attitudinal changes are necessary to accept the idea that leisure activities are of great value.…

A study examined the effectiveness of the Life/Career Renewal Program (LCR), a wilderness program for adults, in enhancing personal growth initiative (PGI) of 68 participants. Results support the hypothesis that the LCR program enhances PGI. (Author/JOW)

Facilitators of experiential learning join together with clients to create and edit clients'"stories" of their experiences in ways that are relevant to clients' issues. Facilitators must accurately assess client needs to enhance the quality of the learning experience, indicate directions and sources for functional change, and create…

Examined changes in cortisol and behavioral responses in 83 infants. Found that salivary cortisol responses before and after inoculation were high at 2 months, decreased between 2 and 4 months, remained stable, then declined again between 6 and 15 months. Found some evidence that emergence of circadian rhythm in cortisol might be related to early…

Examines the debate over andragogy, including Knowles' influences; criticisms of it as a theory of adult learning; and social, philosophical, and other weaknesses. Considers the impact of social structures in shaping individual freedom, contrasting it to the andragogical emphasis on the isolated, autonomous self-directed learner. (SK)

Studied the personality characteristics and developmental issues of three groups of adolescent music listeners divided by preferred type of music. Findings for 164 adolescents show that each of the three music preference groups is inclined to demonstrate a unique profile of personality dimensions and developmental issues. (SLD)

Interviews with 27 mentors were used to categorize mentoring motivations as other-focused or self-focused. Time and organizational structure were inhibiting factors. Mentors were attracted to proteges with desirable traits (ability, motivation, willingness to learn). Mentors received such benefits as networks, self-satisfaction, and job-related…

The abstract concept of the learning society neglects the subjective dimensions of humans and their ability to handle knowledge and deal with uncertainty. A growing number of people are excluded from lifelong learning opportunities by long-term unemployment and other forms of marginalization. (SK)

States that the perception of failure will determine a person's reaction when faced with a problem, how he/she tries to solve the problem, and if he/she is successful/unsuccessful at solving the problem. Argues that failure need not be a threat to personal being but should be a learning tool--an experience necessary for mastery. (PA)