Early results are reported for an effort to use a reasoning-based mathematics program in the primary classroom. In the preschool years, children develop knowledge about quantities of material, referred to as protoquantitative reasoning. Integrating counting with the protoquantitative schemas seems to occur as early as 4 years of age. Drawing on…

Intended for educators and program planners, this guide provides program information and planning ideas for maximizing opportunities to increase the basic skills of undereducated children, youth, and adults. It is suitable for use by those with or without expertise in the basic skills areas of reading, math, writing, and oral communication.…

Boston's Title I Early Childhood/Jackson Mann Developmental Program is discussed in this interim evaluation report (1980-81). The purpose of the Early Childhood component, which serves about 1000 4-year-olds (kindergarten I) and 5-year-olds (kindergarten II) is to raise the level of educational achievement among children identified as needing…

This report on school finance trends in urban areas is based on an analysis of the fiscal and demographic features of 44 major U.S. cities, as these have changed between 1970 and 1980. During this period, urban school systems experienced a median enrollment decline of 25 percent (2.5 times the national average), as a result of declining…

The importance of cooperation between colleges and schools to insure that students have adequate preparation for college-level work is considered by the assistant vice-president of the University of California System. It is claimed that higher college admission standards would screen out underprepared students but would not solve the problem of…

The school dropout problem among American Indian youths is severe and complicated by the heterogeneous nature of the population and its unique social, cultural, and political history. To investigate the educational experiences of high risk Navajo youths in the areas of language minority status, traditionalism, critical markers, distance to school,…

Drawing on data from a study of Title I of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, this report analyzes the technical assistance that local districts receive in compensatory education, with an emphasis on the relationship between technical assistance and the local decision-making that ultimately shapes the program. The first section describes…

This report is one of a series of literature reviews conducted in response to the primary concerns of educators nationally. After noting the scarcity of research on parent involvement in the instruction of their children in kindergarten through high school, the authors summarize 18 documents found to be relevant and valid to the topic of parent…

The West Virginia Department of Education created and implemented a computer-assisted summer remediation program for Job Training Partnership Act-eligible students who were academically deficient. The curriculum had four components: mathematics computation, reading comprehension, personal guidance, and career exploration. Sites in 12 county school…

Research on academic achievement and high risk students over the past 30 years indicates that the home, the school, or the community can be the source of insufficient educational experiences that contribute to educational disadvantage. About 30 percent of the present school population is estimated to be at risk of failure, and demographic…

This document reports testimony presented at a public hearing on the future of the skilled work force in the Milwaukee area. Some of the views held by the Milwaukee-area educators and business and industry leaders were the following: (1) the current skilled labor shortage will continue into the 1990s; (2) many students going through the Wisconsin…

Since 1969, the California community colleges have established a number of programs to provide additional assistance to a diverse community college student population, including the Board Financial Assistance Program, Cooperative Agencies Resources for Education, Disabled Students Programs and Services, Extended Opportunity Programs and Services,…

This report presents an evaluation of the Whitney M. Young Learning Center (WMYLC) program in the Portland (Oregon) School District. This after-school homework assistance and tutoring program for students in grades 7 through 12 was begun in 1980 by the Urban League of Portland. The goal of the WMYLC is to help students achieve academic success and…

This book traces the process by which the British government's formal commitment to increasing access to higher education and expanding continuing education has gone hand in hand with severe cuts in extramural departments, insistence on self-financing, and emphasis on vocational training for regeneration, at the expense of liberal education for…

The article examines the impact of New York State's Higher Education Opportunity Program (HEOP) after 13 years of implementation at 70 institutions, focusing on the effects of participation by underprepared, low-income students. Considered also are college admission and enrollment policies, academic support services, and budgets. The study…