When reporting results, researchers must not change predetermined significance levels. Such attempts to make results more significant are statistically inaccurate, illogical, and unethical. American Psychological Association standards for reporting significance should be more explicit. (CP)

The use of analysis of covariance is examined for attribute-by-treatment interaction research, where participants are randomly assigned to treatments but not to levels of the attribute factor. The authors argue for an increased usage of analysis of covariance. (Author/JKS)

Five methods of performing pairwise multiple comparisons in repeated measures designs were investigated. Consideration of both Type I and Type II error rates found in the simulated conditions for the five procedures suggests that a Bonferroni method utilizing a separate error term for each comparison should be employed. (Author/JKS)

Computation and interpretation of Bayesian full-rank multivariate analysis of variance and covariance is described and illustrated in an exposition intended for readers familiar with univariate analysis of variance and multiple regression. (Author)

A Monte Carlo technique was used to investigate the effect of the differences in covariate means among treatment groups on the significance level and the power of the F-test of the analysis of covariance. (Author/GDC)

Encourages the use of evaluation research rather than process, impact, or comprehensive evaluation; and notes that meaningful evaluation research can occur when the true experiment is combined with longitudinal designs. (JEG)

Flexibility in evaluative research design does not necessitate the abandonment of randomly constructed comparison groups. Three designs are reviewed which provide at least the option of randomization while maintaining great flexibility. The strengths and weaknesses of the designs are discussed. (Author)

While preserving the distinctive features of the case study, the case cluster method employs replicable sampling and, if desired, quantitative measurement procedures to complement qualitative analysis. It creates units of analysis that are based on theory and that have meaning for the actors and observers of the case. (Author/IRT)

This study compared three reward allocation paradigms for children aged 6 to 7, 8 to 9, and 12 to 13. (Author/JMB)

Discussion of conceptual and methodological aspects of reading intervention research focuses on nine specific design limitations of previous intervention research; ways to measure and analyze change as a function of development, treatment intervention and ecological influences; assumptions of individual growth models; and advantages, conditions,…

The Greater Avenues for Independence (GAIN) welfare-to-work program in California was evaluated by the Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation (MDRC). The evaluation relied on involvement of stakeholders, examination of program implementation, flexibility, the adaptation of evaluation questions and designs during the study, use of random…

Illustrative case studies support a contingency approach to mixed-method evaluation in which the evaluation team bases its selection of methods on the information to be provided, the availability of data, and the degree to which the program environment is an open or closed system. (SLD)

Case examples in the articles in this volume are analyzed in the mixed-method conceptual frameworks presented in the early chapters. The richer understanding derived from these approaches support the call to advance mixed-method inquiry beyond models and toward inquiry attributes that can be combined. (Author/SLD)

Examines the recommendations of H. Keselman, K. Carriere, and L. Lix (1993) regarding choice of sample size for obtaining robust tests of the repeated measures main and interaction hypotheses in a one Between-Subjects by one Within- Subjects design with a Welch-James type multivariate test when covariance matrices are heterogeneous. (SLD)

Addresses the use of missing cells in longitudinal research. Gives a sample educational situation involving cohorts and grade levels and uses multiple linear regression for the solution. Discusses applications of longitudinal research wherein logically missing cells occur. (Author/SV)