A crossnational study compared secondary school boys' and girls' social (individual attitudinal, and family) and linguistics (type/frequency of oral conversations and test related activities) experience, and their relation to differential writing performance. Subjects included more than 1000 secondary students in their final year of compulsory…

Children's relationships with their peers become more intimate as they grow older, with girls tending to experience intimacy in their friendships at an earlier age than their male counterparts. The size, friendship composition, and activity of elementary school children's play groups were recorded in an attempt to identify probable environmental…

This study investigated the impact of different types of parental support on children's social integration in peer relationships in middle childhood. Subjects were 116 second- through fifth-grade children from an inner-city primary school in Berlin (West), who were interviewed about their friends. Sociometric tests were also conducted. The parents…

To explore the possibility that the gender make-up of a class may predict the gender specificity of the language used by instructors, a study examined Graduate Teaching Assistants (GTA) and the number of gender examples they used. Subjects were eight graduate teaching assistants instructing a basic speech communication course and seven GTAs…

In 1990, the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) was completed by a random sample of 1,448 West Virginia public-school students in grades 9-12. The sample was 51 percent male and 89 percent white. About 71 percent of subjects were aged 15-17; 39 percent were in the ninth grade. The YRBS covered behaviors producing vehicle-related or other injuries,…

Results of an analysis of a newly developed spelling test and several related measures are reported. Information about the reliability of a newly developed spelling test; its distribution of scores; its relationship with the standard battery of aptitude tests of the Johnson O'Connor Research Foundation; and its relationships with sex, age,…

P. M. Lewinsohn has theorized that depression is related to the amount of positive reinforcement that an individual receives. Lewinsohn has supported this model in adults by showing that depression is correlated with an increase in unpleasant activities and a decrease in pleasant activities. This study extended Lewinsohn's model by developing…

The live and work of Zora Neale Hurston, an African American writer and a folklorist (1891-1960), are described for children aged 10 years and older. Emphasis is placed on the author's childhood in rural Florida and her struggles to receive an education. Over the course of her career, Hurston, a trained folklorist, collected two volumes of black…

Many studies have addressed the relationship of locus of control to gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status and achievement. One area which has not received as much attention is the correlation of locus of control to the condition of being at-risk. Most research involving at-risk students has focused on identifying this group with in-school…

This study examined learning style differences between Asian and American seminary students at two post-baccalaureate, Assembly of God seminaries. The study randomly selected 100 students from the Asia Pacific Theological Seminary (APTS) in Baguio, Philippines and the Assembly of God Theological Seminary (AGTS) in the United States of whom 24 from…

This reference work is a listing and description of 300 notable Hispanic American women who have achieved national or international prominence in a variety of fields. The entries are based on a mixture of personal interviews, book studies, and articles from periodicals. The entries feature historical and contemporary women from a broad range of…

Two studies examined the effectiveness of the Multicultural Reading and Thinking Program (McRAT), in which teachers infuse higher-order thinking strategies and performance-based assessment into classroom instruction. Four broad categories of thinking skills are included: analysis, comparison, inference/interpretation, and evaluation. In the first…

This paper examines the assumptions made about organizational and social equity and fairness in higher education institutions that prove to be untrue when applied to women. Through personal narrative and interviews with women faculty and professional staff, the paper presents a view of university work and life from the perspective of the women who…

A study analyzed the number and types of contributions that girls and boys made to a science discussion in a sixth-grade class. A 48-minute, student-centered cross-discussion was videotaped and analyzed. The exceptionally long discussion and the complexity of the topic (involving moving shadows and frames of reference) make the lesson a rich…

This Digest reviews research on the demographics and effects of video game playing, discusses game rating systems, and offers recommendations for parents. The Digest begins by discussing research on the time children spend playing electronic games, which shows that younger children's game playing at home (90% of fourth-graders played at least one…