Used newly developed codes for parenting behavior during the Great Depression reported in the Oakland Growth Study. Results indicated that economic hardship adversely influenced the psychosocial well-being of adolescent girls, but not boys, by increasing the rejecting behavior of fathers. This effect was particularly strong for unattractive girls.…

Developed a model of individuation in family relationships focused on communicative processes. Expressions of four dimensions of the model (self-esteem, separateness, permeability, and mutuality) were predicted to be positively associated with identity exploration in adolescents. Analysis of observations of families in a Family Interaction Task…

Pupils from a multiracial, multicultural community were found to be relatively knowledgeable about and accepting of differences. The school, however, did little specifically to increase intergroup knowledge or understanding. (GC)

A study is discussed that examined the role of student aid, gender, ethnic status, academic performance in high school, and age on attrition rates, showing how each of these variables affects attrition rates during each of the 3 successive years of undergraduate education. (MLW)

Using a developmental perspective, this study contrasted learning and nonlearning disabled adolescents on three variables: Erikson's stages of psychosocial development; self-concept; and delinquent behavior. The results indicated that the learning disabled subjects, due to years of failing, were unable to develop a sense of industry and…

Reviews recent research findings related to sex differences in math and science achievement. Specifically discusses results which point to an apparent decline of math anxiety. (ML)

Examines the extent to which the schooling experiences of working class girls and boys differed between 1800 and 1870. Focuses on the most apparent differences, such as access to schooling, curriculum, and standards of achievement. (GEA)

A variable causal model was used to estimate the influence of college on the development of humanitarian/civic involvement values. The findings suggest the importance of social involvement during college as a positive influence on the humanizing of values. Influential types of social involvement differed by student race and gender. (Author/MLW)

Reports 17 recommendations that focus primarily on curriculum in grades 11-13 for students who take a four-year college-preparatory program. Appropriate curricular patterns for students who are intending to pursue careers that depend on mathematics are indicated. (PK)

Describes a study that used multiple regression analysis to examine whether the apparent influence of sex discrimination on librarians' salaries would be reduced if other factors were considered. The effects of education, employment level, and publications on librarian salaries are discussed, and three approaches to achieving comparable worth are…

Interviews reveal that black student-athletes are placed in the middle of a credibility conflict between the faculty, the administration, and the community. Balancing academic, athletic, and personal demands is a herculean task. Black student-athletes need a caring institutional atmosphere to improve their academic performance. (BJV)

Teachers completed Connors Teacher Rating Scale on 581 special education and 45 regular education students to examine effects of age, sex, and race on Cohen and Hynd Factor Analysis. Four special education subgroups obtained distinct behavioral profiles. Results support use of Cohen and Hynd factor analysis in providing clinically meaningful…

Compared the personality characteristics of late adolescent and young adult children of alcoholics (COAs) with those of their peers, examining gender specificity in personality differences. COA respondents, particularly women, and especially women with alcoholic fathers, were more likely to report greater self-depreciation. Male COAs rated…

Discusses the form and content of sex education courses in the classroom. Topics covered include contraception, decision making, morality, values, character formation, self-image, the role of teachers, and the role of parents. (LRW)

Considers four questions related to humorous activity: What events evoke laughtor and smiling in classrooms and do these events change as children grow older? Are there differences in frequency and type of events produced and appreciated? How do teachers and peers react to humorous events? and What are the other behavior patterns of children who…