The relationship of reciprocity, sex, and race to friendship proximity in adolescent friendships was studied with 69 male and 67 female seventh and eighth graders (32 percent Black). Four measures were administered concerning adolescents' friendships. Results are reported on intelligence, personality, physical attractiveness, popularity, and…

Investigated perceptions of teachers in Bendel State, Nigeria, concerning problem of drug abuse. Administered questionnaires to 180 elementary school teachers. Teachers negatively perceived drug abuse. Male teachers and younger teachers had more positive attitudes toward drug abuse than did female teachers and older teachers, respectively. There…

Reviews the findings of a Maryland study concerning the effects of gender and race on mathematics achievement. Cites parental and teacher attitudes as major factors in student achievement. Discusses the differences between girls' and boys' performance on standardized tests. (CW)

An Australian study of year 11 girls investigated factors in their choice of mathematics instruction beyond required courses. It is argued that the campaigns being undertaken to encourage girls to choose mathematics are sometimes undermined by the structure of the mathematics curriculum available to them. (MSE)

Uses a feminist standpoint to correct inaccurate scholarship in curricula, pedagogy, and research in library and information science. Topics include feminist philosophy and its relevance to curricula revision, specific curricula changes, the significance of women's ways of learning to pedagogy, research needs and the role of subjectivity in…

Investigates the effect of gender on expectations of salary and judgments about occupational suitability. Responses from 1,062 high school students were collected. Females provided lower salary estimates than males and were less likely to stereotype occupations on the basis of gender. Academic achievement was negatively correlated with…

Studied the effect of content knowledge on learners' participation in interactions between nonnative speakers. Measures of participation included amount of talk, conversational fillers, back channels, topic moves, clarification questions, and confirmation and comprehension checks. Findings support the relationship between knowledge and…

Examined whether adolescent adoptees differ from adolescent nonadoptees on indicators of emotional and behavioral adjustment and perceptions of family functioning. Identified areas in which adoptees are at potentially higher risk or have higher levels of functioning than nonadoptees. Investigated the relationship of adoption status to gender,…

Examined the relationship between parental involvement in their children's schooling and children's motivation and academic achievement. Subjects were of 300 11- to 14-year-olds. Data from parent, student, and teacher evaluations suggest that parental involvement manifests itself in many ways. Children who are confident in school may actually push…

An analysis of the thematic patterns of young children's writing supports the idea that each child is in the process of constructing personal meaning through writing. The possible influences on these patterns, such as literature, feelings, teachers, art, music, family, television, and peers, as well as examples of first graders' writings, are…

Discusses how during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a social ethos evolved among African American women that led to internal child welfare reform in legally segregated African American communities. Uses as an example the Virginia Industrial School for Colored Girls, founded in 1915, to describe these child welfare developments. (TM)

This 4-year longitudinal study followed 12 infants or young children (6 boys and 6 girls) in 7 high-risk Swedish families (including drug abuse, chaotic family structure, antisocial behavior, and child care problems). Three girls developed mainly constructive (moderating) strategies; the other children demonstrated more or less destructive,…

Asserts that the number of students who major in economics is important to economics departments because college and university budgets often are affected by enrollment. Reviews the number of four-year economics degrees since 1977-78 as reported by the National Center for Education Statistics. (CFR)

Presents the results of a content evaluation of the abstinence-based sexuality education curriculum, "Sex Respect," focusing on the curriculum's message and presentation. Results indicate Sex Respect omits basic content and includes misinformation, especially in the areas of human sexual response and reproductive health, and needs revision.…

Reports on a study of the effect of eye contact on 73 male and female college students. Finds that as eye contact duration increased, the model was judged to have less state anxiety, less trait anxiety, and less test anxiety. Concludes that the study confirms that as eye contact increases, an individual is judged more positively. (CFR)