Twenty-four third-grade students were randomly assigned to groups receiving explanations of distinctions between environmental facts and opinions or explanations as well as specific examples. Students receiving specific examples scored significantly higher on distinguishing fact and opinion. Gender did not affect performance. (MDH)

This article suggests that gender differences in communication affect three areas in social work education (training students, faculty interactions, faculty-student interaction) and that it is helpful to view these communication differences as cross-cultural in nature. Suggestions for change in social work education are offered. (Author/MSE)

A survey of 437 pediatricians graduating in 1981-87 found that men and whites were significantly more likely to have trained in subspecialties rather than chosen primary care practice, as were earlier graduates. Type of medical school attended and level of educational debt were not significantly related. (Author/MSE)

This survey of 149 students explored learning from out-of-class college experiences such as leadership, peer interaction, faculty contact, work, and travel. It found that many different experiences potentially contribute to valued college outcomes, that sex and ethnicity did not explain differences in students' activities and outcomes, and that…

Reviews research on the use of computers in preschool and kindergarten classrooms and their effect on social development. Also discusses gender differences in computer use among young children and the effects of computer-based activities on the inclusion of children with disabilities. Implications for preschool curriculum are examined. (MDM)

Reviews previous research on attitudes toward war. Describes a study of undergraduate student attitudes toward war compared with personality traits. Finds that, although personality traits were only minimally associated with attitudes toward war, men were more prowar then women. (CFR)

With comprehensive collaborative approaches to education reform involving schools and businesses, the multiple constituency concept of collaboration can enhance thinking about the influence of race, class, gender, and ethnicity on educational reform. The article explains collaboration and diversity, noting strategies for working with diversity and…

Examined cognitive-behavioral (health-belief, social cognitive, peer support), risk-taking, and stress/coping models as predictors of safer sex practices among 136 gay/bisexual males, ages 14-19. Components of the health-belief, self-efficacy theories, and emotional distress models corresponded with safer sex practices; peer support was not…

Investigates gender differences in computer use among 147 college students. Students completed a questionnaire designed to measure self-efficacy, computer anxiety, computer liking, and computer confidence. Results indicate gender differences in perceived self-efficacy in word processing and spreadsheet software. No gender differences were found in…

Discusses problems of sample selection in explaining student performance in economics classes. Reports on a study of student performance correlated with class attendance, course dropouts, and homework. Concludes that any researcher gathering data about instructional effectiveness must account for students who drop the class. (CFR)

Compares previous findings on the social correlates of the "Usted,""Tu," and "Vos" variation in three Latin American countries. All the countries have a non-solidarity function in the party (toward strangers) and the workplace (toward subordinates and superiors) domains. It is difficult to assess the effects of age…

An extensive questionnaire was given to students at a Canadian regional high school serving urban and rural students, who responded to questions about their occupational aspirations and expectations, their values, the obstacles that might prevent them from realizing their aspirations, and the people who supported their aspirations. The results are…

Argues that affirmative action for women and minorities works well, continues to be necessary, and benefits the country. Race- and gender-conscious remedies have proved essential and remain so. Recent assaults on affirmative action mean that national leaders must do a better job of educating the public. (SLD)

Reports the results of a study that examines differences in substance-related attitudes, use patterns, and related consequences among three typical college campuses in order to underscore the need for campuses to develop and market prevention/intervention programs based on the unique patterns inherent on their individual campuses. (LKS)

Examined the influence of mother-child conversation about child's social relationship on the development of children's interpersonal competence. Found that children's relationships with others were an integral part of mother-children conversations. The types of relationships discussed and the elaborateness with which they were discussed varied as…