Using a fifth-grade sample, the revised Self Description Questionnaire was investigated. Confirmatory factor analysis showed the factor structure invariant across the respondants' gender. Sex difference in self-concept areas and academic achievement were explored. A new internal/external frame of reference model was proposed. (Author/BS)

Discusses: (1) potential advantages of learning computer programing, (2) performances of males and females in middle school programing courses, (3) problems teachers face in achieving this potential, and (4) participation of males and females in programing courses. Results show females, on the average, perform as well as or better than males.…

A survey of 82 graduate social work students revealed low levels of physical and psychological stress associated with graduate work. Symptoms were reported at higher levels in relation to classroom work than field practice. No major differences were found by sex or marital status, but class standing did produce significant differences. (MSE)

As early as 1848, women organized into groups to assert their rights as citizens. In 1969, the National Organization for Women developed a Bill of Rights. The document is presented here, accompanied by learning activities, discussion and debate questions, and research topics for use with high school students. (RM)

Six of the 22 Supreme Court decisions in the 1981-82 term concerning or affecting higher education are discussed. The cases concerned sex discrimination, tuition-free public schooling for undocumented children, residency status, dormitory drug search, student religious groups using school facilities, and the scope of Title IX. (MSE)

A metaanalysis of elementary school computer-assisted instruction (CAI) research found that lower achievers profit more from CAI; it is more effective in primary grades; boys may learn more than girls; drill and practice produces highest effect sizes; and no relationship exists between year of study publication and effect size. (MBR)

The sex-differentiated socialization emphases of parents and other representatives of societal institutions are considered as they influence personality development and behavioral orientations. Such emphases, shaping behaviors, and teaching styles are evaluated with regard to the nature of "meta-messages" conveyed to children. (Author/RH)

Because of cultural conflicts and policy or procedural barriers for Hispanic women pursuing higher education, the academic advising function is important. Advisers' understanding of the Hispanic culture and values, awareness of barriers created by color and language, and information about available support services will increase Hispanic women's…

This study explored how elementary students employ help seeking as a means of problem solving in the classroom. In-depth naturalistic observations were made of high-, average-, and low-ability students in first, third, and fifth grade reading and math classes. Implications for children's achievement, learning, and social adjustment are discussed.…

The impact of the Family Life Education Program for disadvantaged inner-city minority students (grades seven and eight) was investigated. Compared to the control group, program participants displayed improved knowledge about contraception, reproductive physiology, and adolescent pregnancy outcomes. Implications for school-based sex education…

In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries the ideology of the "teaching daughters," which argues the benefits of employing women as teachers, was taking form. The development of this ideology and its practice in southeastern Pennsylvania and northern Delaware from 1790 to 1850 are described. (RM)

Growing school systems in Montreal and Toronto (Canada) between 1861 and 1881 offered radically different opportunities to men and women. Educational administrators developed bureaucratic modes of organization chiefly with male aspirations for power and social mobility in mind. Women were hired to fill the bottom ranks or were ignored altogether.…

Students of high intellectual ability and their parents were tested on a battery of cognitive tests. Vernon's model of intelligence best fit results. A verbal-educational and a practical-spatial-mechanical factor explained most performance variance. Among children, age related to verbal but not spatial or mechanical abilities. (Author/RD)

A wide array of data was gathered in a nationwide study, including parent and child interviews, intelligence test and achievement test scores, and teacher ratings of children's classroom performance. Results indicated extensive differences favoring intact family children, which persisted when IQ and socioeconomic status measures were controlled.…

This intervention study examines the problem of sexual harassment in an alternative high school for at-risk students. It was hypothesized that creating a forum where girls felt safe to share their experiences would increase their awareness of sexual harassment and its effects, eventually contributing to a decrease in incidents of sexual harassment…