Analyzes national data to trace the development of gender differences in learning opportunities, achievement, and choices in mathematics among white, black, and Hispanic students. Finds that the major barriers to mathematics achievement for for minority student of both sexes are limited learning opportunities and low achievement levels. (CFR)

A survey of 416 pharmacy students at 9 colleges investigated student needs for and attitudes toward professional organizations, confidence in ability to perform organizational tasks, and participation in professional organizations. Results suggest a variety of factors (attitude, need, faculty and peer influence, gender, and school) were related to…

Reports the impact of a school-based Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) risk-reduction program on participation and intention to participate in sexual intercourse and on protective behaviors by newly sexually active seventh- and eighth-grade students. Surveys indicated the programs affected certain protective behaviors, frequency of recent…

Describes an undergraduate course, "Women and Multiculturals: The Educational Dilemma," which explores evidence that education has not consistently provided women and multiculturals access to full participation in society. The course teaches students to appreciate diversity; understand issues of race, class, and gender in education; and…

Effects of an applicant's information management strategy while responding to a job application item requesting illegal candidate information and moderating effects of applicant sex and position were studied for 12 hypothetical school job applicants with 108 graduate student raters. The interactions of strategy, sex, and position have important…

Intellectual and political commitments of women's studies programs to multiculturalism allow such programs to influence debate inside the university, but the same commitment generates internal controversy. Issues of women's studies and political correctness are discussed. An approach respecting and incorporating diverse cultural traditions is…

Examines the frequency and correlates of unprotected anal intercourse among 250 gay and bisexual African-American men in the San Francisco (California) Bay area. More than 50 percent reported having unprotected anal intercourse in the past six months. Findings demonstrate the need for risk reduction programs targeting this population. (SLD)

Discrepancies in labor force, occupation, and earnings outcomes were observed between men and women in a follow-up study of 4,900 deaf high school graduates. Deaf women were found to pursue a relatively narrow range of programs. Deaf women with less than a bachelor's degree experienced high underemployment and unemployment relative to deaf men and…

Tests the hypothesis that Japanese children demonstrate higher task persistence under non-competitive conditions than do their U.S. peers. Comparison of 107 first graders in Japan and 86 in the United States supports the study hypothesis. Type of school and student gender have no significant effect on task persistence. (SLD)

Describes informal curriculum discourse in a group of graduate students and their teacher who met regularly to discuss curriculum theory and research; examines power structure and assumptions, discussing ways in which habitual responses, roles, expectations, and identities were constructed by intersections of personal, social, historical, and…

Discusses results of interviews with 11 year olds in a longitudinal study of educational progress. Reports that students were aware of the importance of school work. Describes most students as looking forward to secondary school and the study of more specialized subjects. Reports that children perceived academic success as within their control.…

Examines how African-American alternative masculine behaviors are expressed within same-sex peer groups and friendships. It is proposed that African-American males have adopted an alternative style of masculinity to cope with social and interpersonal pressures, even though it can sometimes be dysfunctional and associated with negative…

An Israeli study investigated high school students' perceptions of mathematics, English, Hebrew, and Arabic. A questionnaire measured affect, worth, gender typing, and perceived attributes contributing to success in each subject. Results indicated ethnicity more than gender affected students' perception of subject matter. (SM)

The effects of a summer program on self-concept scores of 139 gifted students in grades 4 to 8 were examined. Results indicated that regular and special program students did not differ significantly in self-concept; existing gender differences in self-concept were attenuated upon program completion; and self-concept was unrelated to grade.…

Results involving 701 female and 933 male advanced science students in the United States from the Second International Science Study are discussed. Focus was on differences between females and males. Gender differences were found, particularly in opinions regarding science and society, and with respect to general questions about school. (TJH)