One reason proposed for the persistent school underachievement of Navajo students is that school culture is based largely on individualism, interpersonal competition, and other Western norms and values that may be an anathema to Native Americans. Hence, school culture may predispose them to failure. Drawing on Western concepts of achievement…

This collection of essays challenges the accepted notion that sports necessarily promote character development, physical fitness, and positive educational and social values. Contributing authors are leading authorities, coaches, athletic directors, and varsity and professional players. The essays examine the true relationship of sports and…

This questionnaire study examined elementary school student's knowledge of a number of gender norms as well as some moral and social norms. Participating in the study were 111 first, third, and fifth graders, the majority of whom were white, with a small number of Hispanic and Asian children. The gender roles related to children's play, hair…

Learning about the arts and crafts gives individuals the means to examine themselves and their relationship with the world around them, whether through being an appreciative audience or their own creative practice. The arts and crafts are themselves industries creating jobs both in arts forms and in their support. People want and are entitled to…

Noting that bullying among primary school-age children has become recognized as an antecedent to more violent behavior in later grades, the 3-year Maine Project Against Bullying examined currently available research on bullying and evaluated books, curricula, media materials, and programs to identify resources and strategies which can be applied…

This report contains two studies. The first study was conducted in order to obtain a profile of Kansas students in the 1999 class of National Merit Semifinalists (NMSFs). A survey was mailed to 166 students. Data were analyzed in terms of age, gender, race, language, family characteristics, high schools attended, extracurricular activities,…

Different groups at different times have turned to founding documents of the United States to meet their needs and to declare their entitlement to the promises of the Revolution of 1776. At Seneca Falls, New York in the summer of 1848, a group of U.S. men and women met to discuss the legal limitations imposed on women during this period. Their…

Prekindergarten students (n=1,137) in an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse urban public school took a kindergarten diagnostic assessment in September prior to entry into the regular kindergarten program. The assessment was a pilot version of a longer instrument that had been used at the school for several years. Results were used for…

This paper reports on an ongoing effort of the Vermont Mental Health Performance Indicator Project (PIP) to examine the relevance and utility of standardized test scores for evaluating community mental health programs. This analysis is of test scores from Vermont's first four years of statewide testing. The study is examining anonymous…

This collection of papers on early adolescent sexual behavior includes seven papers in two parts. Part 1, "Papers from Nationally Representative Data Sets," includes (1) "Dating and Sexual Experiences among Middle School Youth: Analyses of the NLSY97" (Elizabeth Terry-Humen and Jennifer Manlove); "(2) "Dating Behavior…

This paper summarizes changes in key elements of welfare policy and in closely related policies on child support enforcement and sex education and family planning programs. Drawing on a conceptual framework that highlights how incentives created by public policy can affect demographic behaviors, the paper concludes that, as Congress intended,…

These three symposium papers summarize the outcomes of studies that explored the accessibility and the utilization of youth mental health services. The first study, "The Role of Diagnostic Systems" (Theodore Fallon and Mary Schwab-Stone), involving 219 children (ages 6-12), examined the perils involved in the use of categorical diagnosis to…

This document provides postsecondary completion data for awards/degrees conferred between July 1, 1999 and June 30, 2000 by each of Maine's public and private colleges and universities. The data are displayed as they relate to each of 10 award levels, that range from "01,""awards of less than 1 academic year below the bachelor's level," and "10,"…

This paper presents the development and evaluation of a World Wide Web-based lesson developed to cultivate situated learning. This research employed the quasi-experimental method along with semi-structured interviews to investigate the effects of a Web-based lesson on science learning in the senior high school level. Three classes of second-year…

The History Division of the proceedings contains the following 18 papers: "Woman as Machine: Representation of Female Clerical Workers in Interwar Magazines" (Jane Marcellus); "'So Vivid A Crossroads': The FCC and Broadcast Allocation, 1934-1939" (James C. Foust); "Cattle Barons Vs. Ink Slingers: The Decline and Fall of…