Most cognitive training programs are adaptive, despite limited direct evidence that this maximizes children's outcomes. This randomized controlled trial evaluated working memory training with difficulty of activities presented using adaptive, self-select, or stepwise compared with an active control. At baseline, immediately, and 6-months…

Purpose: A high-quality primary care clinic should provide clear action points and important care coordination for a child receiving a new diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Unfortunately, a substantial proportion of caregivers report little-to-no post-diagnosis support from their home clinics and primary care providers often report lack…

Background: Parents of children who stutter (CWS) are often uncertain, hesitant and uncomfortable to communicate openly with their CWS and other people on the topic of the stutter and disclosing the stutter to the child and/or other people. Aims: To map and understand the dynamics involved when parents communicate with their CWS and other people…

Previous empirical research has shown that Portuguese children aged 4;0 to 6;0 are sensitive to the quality of stem-final vowels when acquiring the irregular plural forms of /l/-final words (acquisition order: plurals of /al, [epsilon]l, [Greek small reversed lunate sigma symbol]l, ul/ > plurals of /il/). This study presents a formal account of…

Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder are at high risk of being bullied, but research on teaching children with autism self-protection skills for bullying situations is scant. We taught five children self-protection skills for two types of bullying (threats and unkind remarks) and consecutive bullying occurrences. We first evaluated…

The present study examined the justifications used by children, adolescents, and adults to justify eating animals. Children (n = 100, M[superscript age] = 9.82, SD = 0.77, female n = 49) as compared to adolescents (n = 76, M[superscript age] = 14.0, SD = 1.62, female n = 36) and adults (n = 113, M[superscript age] = 44.1, SD = 14.4, female n = 54)…

Research on educational television has overwhelmingly investigated the impact of viewing on children's knowledge acquisition. However, this content might influence other important outcomes, such as children's interest in learning about new topics. To investigate this possibility, we invited parents of 3- to 8-year-old children (N = 83) to answer…

Research in children's literature has undergone significant shifts over the past forty years that affect the field's current positioning, especially for those who engage in this research. The invitation to present a keynote at the Children's Literature Assembly's online conference of research in children's literature provided the author an…

The lack of a valid and interpretable score to track early child development over time is a primary reason for neglecting child development in policymaking. Many instruments exist, but there is no accepted method for comparing their scores across different ages, samples, and instruments. This paper aims (1) to enhance the Development Score…

Purpose: Phonetic forced alignment has a multitude of applications in automated analysis of speech, particularly in studying nonstandard speech such as children's speech. Manual alignment is tedious but serves as the gold standard for clinical-grade alignment. Current tools do not support direct training on manual alignments. Thus, a trainable…

The concept of play has long been recognized as a fundamental aspect of child development because it promotes learning and cognitive development, and is useful for social skills and motivation. Thus, it has attracted the attention of researchers in many scientific fields such as maths, physical education, artificial intelligence and…

Critical thinking, as one of the core literacies in the twenty-first century, is essentially the thinking process of making reasonable inferences, questioning and analyzing based on factual evidence. In this paper, we first coded the kindergarten manual class group peer evaluation text through the critical thinking framework proposed by Facione,…

The argument presented in this essay highlights the need to reintegrate class condition analyses into academic discourse. As the object of analysis for the proposed ideological critique, we examine Samira Makhmalbaf's "Two-legged horse" to discuss the role of class conditions in sociocultural and historical analyses. The narrative,…

There has been significant research on the association between hearing loss and academic achievement. However, many studies do not disaggregate by degree of hearing loss. Therefore, the risks to school performance posed by unilateral and mild bilateral hearing loss are not well understood, despite prevalence studies suggesting that 2.4 to 23% of…

Recent developments in generative artificial intelligence brought a renewed interest in representations of humans, especially puppets, in literature and in popular culture. In this article, following Giorgio Agamben's paradoxical claim that the human can truly appear in what is not human -- in a puppet, I examine the famous marionette-turned-boy…