Identifies those women mentioned most frequently in general U.S. music education history books and examines the contexts in which the books discussed their work. Surveys individuals interested in music education history to determine name recognition of these women and opinions regarding the importance of their contributions. (MJP)

Discusses relationships among selected aspects of parental involvement as they relate to the cognitive, affective, and performance outcomes of instrumental music students. Discovers that for cognitive musical and musical performance outcomes parental influence is strongest at the elementary level. For affective outcomes parental involvement…

This study investigated the effect of extended wait-time versus short wait-time on ninth graders' academic achievement, as well as on gender equity and student attitudes toward a course. Surveys indicated students with more wait-time had greater gain in academic achievement. Females received longer wait-time in both experimental and control…

Explores how fifth- and eighth-grade schoolchildren picture the past by asking them to project themselves into historical roles and to illustrate specific historical figures. Results reveal boys and girls differed across task and historical role as well as in their depictions. Discusses what these findings say regarding students' beliefs about…

Using a survey design, 150 parents of Hispanic, African American, and European American descent participated. A history of childhood abuse was predictive of the use of both physical and verbal punishment by mothers but not for fathers. Cultural factors/beliefs were predictive of fathers' parenting behaviors, but not mothers. (Contains references.)…

This study examined the joint association between mothers' and adolescents' ratings of parental behavioral control, and adolescents' and observers' ratings of mother-adolescent communication with adolescent problem behaviors. Findings demonstrate the utility of conceptually distinguishing between parenting and parent-adolescent relationships, and…

Compared the competence and self-esteem of 136 Australian primary school-aged children from different single-parent residency arrangements to those of a matched sample of two-parent children. Found that overall, single-parent children were not significantly different from two-parent children in competence levels and self-esteem. Found subtle…

Evaluated social competence and problem behaviors of 200 Japanese preschoolers. Found anxiety-withdrawal, anger- aggression, and social competence factors as well as age and gender differences in emotional and behavioral problems and social competence. Found consistency with previous findings from U.S. and Canadian samples. (DLH)

Describes a study that was designed to examine the emotional consequences of providing information about the likelihood of a frightening media event to children in kindergarten through third grade. Facial and physiological indicators of fear were measured, and implications for understanding media-induced fear and for selecting effective coping…

Discussed in this study is whether there are differences in the assessment of student understanding as measured by written tests versus oral tests. Age and sex differences as well as the impact of different languages and cultures were investigated. (KR)

Examines the relationship between pupil characteristics of income, gender, chronological age, and level of cognitive development and selected domain-specific skills in mathematics. Results show mathematics performance as a function of the quality of thinking. Teaching to cognitive developmental level requires an individualized approach to…

Describes project at Bradley University that equipped freshman residence hall rooms with microcomputers. Highlights include student characteristics; academic performance; surveys of use of microcomputers; networking versus stand-alone uses; duration of computer use times and times of day of use; and sex differences in computer use. (Three…

Responds to William Becker, William Green, and Sherwin Rosen's article reviewing research literature on the teaching and learning of high school economics. Asks for greater explication of themes only introduced in their review, for example: sex and race differences in test performance and the role of computers in teaching high school economics.…

The relationships between reading proficiency and field independence/field dependence and sex were studied in 84 male and 79 female second graders. There were no significant gender differences in achievement or with the reading measures. Field-independent subjects were more proficient readers in the separate skill areas of reading than were…

Nearly 11 years ago trustees of Wilson College (Pennsylvania) voted to close the institution. A group of alumnae brought a lawsuit to keep the college open, and since then the college's programs have been transformed to meet the changing interests and ages of its students. A division of continuing studies was created. (MLW)