Examines whether cognitive/behavioral interventions that produced immediate changes in AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, and intentions for coping with AIDS-risk situations among delinquents and abused adolescents can produce long-term benefits assessed at 9-12 months follow-up. One intervention model, discussion groups, produced a long-term…

Surveyed randomly selected adults (n=319) in the Chicago metropolitan area and questioned them on whether cultural schedules exist for the timing of life transitions. Respondents perceived deadlines for most of the family transitions discussed. (SNR)

Two years after California's ban on racial and gender preferences became law, supporters and opponents of affirmative action are debating the impact on college faculty diversity. Some institutions have maintained slow but steady growth in minority faculty; diversity at others has declined. Some say that not all effects of the change, including…

Presents a collection of articles on blacks in higher education, including such topics as: older black students; blacks in academic nursing; black medical school enrollment; blacks in academic psychology; black colleges being ignored by the Rhodes Scholarship Committee; school desegregation in Cambridge, Massachusetts; Louis Farrakhan as a GOP…

Examined the role of fourth graders' social self-perceptions in their social development. Found significant relationships among self-perception measures, and they were moderately stable over the school year. Found significant sociometric status and gender effects for generalized and dyadic perceptions. Inaccurate social self-perceptions predicted…

Examines British national examination results and related trends in the declining level of performance in modern languages relative to other subjects, suggesting that this trend to underperform in modern languages may be due in part to the relative difficulty of the examinations. The paper proposes strategies to help teachers become more rigorous…

Compares the relative effects of cognitive style and training method on high school students' computer self-efficacy and learning performance. Explains measures used and statistical techniques, and discusses results that suggest gender, cognitive style, training approach, and training objective should be taken into account to assist students…

Investigated fifth-, sixth-, and seventh-graders' ownership of, use of, and attitudes toward computer and video games. Found that more boys than girls owned and used video games, and found gender differences in preferred games. Students enjoyed video and computer games, along with a variety of other activities. (JPB)

A study examined perceptions of a 7-day Outward Bound program among 23 urban youths, foster parents, and foster care workers from group homes in Atlanta (Georgia). Foster parents reported improved self-esteem and behavior among the teens, but foster care workers reported worse behavior. Negative program impressions lessened among male youths but…

This article reports the results of a study of Master's degree students concerning the role of individual differences in Internet searching, including cognitive styles, levels of prior experience, Internet perceptions, study approaches, age, and gender. Discusses retrieval effectiveness and self-efficacy and suggests implications for system…

Does varsity sports participation impart valuable skills? Using height as a participation instrument, a study of High School and Beyond data shows that sports participation negatively affects white male students' educational attainment, positively affects black male students' educational attainment and earnings, and positively affects white female…

Background: Two opposing perspectives--role strain and role enhancement--were considered as predictive of women's psychological and physical health. The authors examined the relation between multiple role occupancy (parenting, employment, marriage) and well-being (depression and health) among mothers of young adults with intellectual disability…

This study examined whether the effects of level of alcohol consumption on condom use at first sex depend on adolescents' gender, utilizing data from Wave I of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). Compared to girls who did not consume any alcohol, inebriated girls were significantly less likely to use a condom at…

This study examines racial identity attitudes, womanist identity attitudes, and self-esteem of 111 African American college women attending two historically Black higher educational institutions, one coeducational and one single-sex. The major findings indicate that pre-encounter and encounter attitudes of racial and womanist identity are…

Ethnographic research was carried out in 1997-98 to identify factors that determined school attendance among Nepali women in the Kathmandu Valley a generation ago. Findings indicate that gender, caste, poverty, cultural prejudice, and rural residence prevented a majority from going to school. Of those who went, most, regardless of academic talent,…