Prior research in England has indicated that, unlike prereaders, young children who have learned to decode simple words view print-based information as a more authoritative source of knowledge than purely oral information. We predicted that children in Norway--who start to receive formal reading instruction at a relatively late age--would be…

The aim of this study is to examine whether there was a relationship between digit ratio (2D:4D) with anaerobic power and athletic performance of young athletes. Two hundred and fifty well-trained young male athletes were recruited as participants. Anthropometric measurements (body height, weight, and digit length) vertical jump and athletic…

This article examines issues related to identification of children with specific learning disorders (SLDs). The focus is on the diagnostic criteria in DSM-5. Diagnostic features, associated features supporting diagnosis, and prevalence are discussed.

The efficacy of attention training paradigms is influenced by many factors, including the specificity of targeted cognitive processes, accuracy of outcome measures, accessibility to specialized populations, and adaptability to user capability. These issues are increasingly significant when working with children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental…

Impaired abilities in multiple domains is common in children with learning difficulties. Co-occurrence of low reading and mathematical abilities (LRLM) appears in almost every second child with learning difficulties. However, little is known regarding the neural bases of this combination. Leveraging a unique and tightly controlled sample including…

In this study it was aimed to evaluate the effects of various factors such as sample sizes, percentage of misfit items in the test and item quality (item discrimination) on item and model fit in case of misspecification of Q matrix. Data were generated in accordance with DINA model. Q matrix was specified for 4 attributes and 15 items. While data…

Literature and research on deafblind youths and young adults has historically been limited. Most existing publications focus on school-related issues, family issues, or communication for children and youths, and the literature related to post--high school outcomes is much more limited, with only three publications specific to this population. The…

Spatial visualization--the ability to mentally imagine and manipulate objects--has frequently been measured using the Paper Folding Test (PFT). In this task, participants view diagrams of a paper being folded and a hole being punched. They then identify the resulting punch pattern. Although task instructions promote mentally unfolding the paper,…

Young children's estimates of numerical magnitude increase approximately logarithmically with actual magnitude. The conventional interpretation of this finding is that children's estimates reflect an innate logarithmic encoding of number. A recent set of findings, however, suggests that logarithmic number-line estimates emerge via a dynamic…

This article examines issues related to identification of children with specific learning disorders (SLDs). The focus is on the Diagnostic Criteria in DSM-5 ["Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition"]. Diagnostic features, associated features supporting diagnosis, and prevalence are discussed.

Advances in electronics technology have transformed the cockpits of large and small modern aircraft. This transformation has created new challenges for the aviation electronics industry and the technicians that support and maintain aircraft. To meet these challenges, it is important to know the knowledge skills, and abilities required by these new…

Professional development (PD) of teachers working with students in the first years of learning to read is a privileged way of preventing initial reading difficulties and its effects in the long and short term. This research studies the effects of PD in student reading performance, although the results are not conclusive with regard to which PD…

Learning computer programming is a challenging task for most beginners. Demotivation and learned helplessness are pretty common. A novel instructional technique that leverages the value-expectancy motivational model of student learning was conceptualized by the author to counter the lack of motivation in the introductory class. The result was a…

Despite much research examining whether bilingual individuals demonstrate superior executive function (EF) skills compared to monolinguals, the purported bilingual advantage remains controversial. One potential reason for discrepant findings across studies examining the bilingual advantage is the difficulty in matching monolingual and bilingual…

Writing is a complex task that requires the activation and coordination of several processes. In addition to the research on the domain-specific factors that contribute to school achievement, there is an increasing interest on general variables, such as mindfulness. Here, we aimed to test the contribution of middle-grade students' trait…