This paper focuses on the federal efforts in vocational research and development (R&D) of the last decade, reviewing major accomplishments, speculating on possible misdirections, and recommending directions for the future. The administration of vocational R&D is briefly described and a historical overview is presented of federal efforts…

Three expressive writing tasks from the 1974 national assessment of writing are summarized and discussed in this report. Results indicated that for a majority of students, first-draft expressive writing is unstructured and lacking in coherence. The tendency to integrate feelings and to organize them in coherent expressions develops between the…

This publication is intended as a useful summary of available basic information on educational research and development (R&D). It was planned for several audiences: the staff of the National Institute of Education; other personnel in federal, state, and local governments; members of Congress; researchers and developers; trainers; administrators of…

The basic theory that the teacher style required for effective learning in the classroom is contingent on the favorableness of the group situation was tested in a controlled experiment. Eight groups of eighth-grade boys were assigned to two teachers, four groups for each. Two hypotheses were under examination: (1) A task-oriented teacher will be…

A federally funded research study, Project Equality, employed nonsexist teaching materials and inservice teacher training to expand the occupational and social role perceptions of pupils. Ninety-one volunteer pilot group teachers and their K-6 classes, representing a socioeconomically varied school district in Seattle, Washington, participated in…

Concepts currently used in conveying technical information about the operation and maintenance of equipment in the U.S. Army were investigated. The objective was to develop a more cost effective maintenance program by reducing personnel costs through a more effective software link between the hardware and maintenance personnel. The study…

Data were gathered relevant to two components, professional staff and students, to identify and assess effective and/or ineffective practices and procedures in the second phase of a Regional Career Education Program conducted in eight Eastern Kentucky counties. The data base, collected in the 1974 study (Phase 1), was used to provide comparisons…

The internally developed career education program presented was implemented into the existing curriculum over a 3-year period at all grade levels in the Davis County school system (Utah), and included hands-on experience, on-the-job training, career information centers, and guidance and counseling activities. The report briefly describes the…

Investigates students' achievement on a Science A Process Approach (SAPA) unit as related to the preparation and grade point average of their preservice teachers. Students of teachers who had participated in lesson strategy sessions achieved at a significantly greater level than did those students whose teachers were in the control (no treatment)…

Argues that federal policy decisions have shaped a particular configuration of services for low achieving readers at the school level because prevailing definitions conceptualize reading failure as a disability rather than as a disadvantage. Notes that reading researchers must be aware of this if low achieving children are to benefit from advances…

Description of new applications of digital optical disc storage technologies focuses on CD-ROM (Compact Disc--Read Only Memory); CD-I (Compact Disc--Interactive); and DV-I (Digital Video--Interactive). Features of each technology are described in the context of instructional design and educational technology, and the role of educational research…

A study of upper-middle-class college students in England who responded with "resistance" to their schooling showed that the students' challenges do not constitute effective resistances to prevailing patterns of class or gender relations, i.e., their challenges are not transformative. (RM)

An analysis of definitions of multicultural education shows a patterning around three basic descriptors: (1) affective--e.g., awareness, sensitizing; (2) cognition--basic information on cultures; and (3) competencies/skills--social skills and behavioral competencies necessary to function in a pluralistic society. ERIC multicultural documents are…

Reports on an experiment which used computer games to increase the efficiency of information processing and concentration skills among learning disabled (LD) children. Results showed that computer games presented within the framework of self-verbalization procedures and peer-interaction facilitated the information processing of LD children.…

Reports on a study which sought to isolate physics topics perceived to be difficult and examine whether students' interest in mathematics had any significant relationship with the perceived difficulty. Concluded that students perceived more difficulty in mechanics, and a significant relationship existed between active interest in mathematics and…