Evaluation studies on educational questions attempt to provide answers in the form of conclusions or inferences which are derived from the information collected. Valid inferences are a result of careful research design for the study, and may be causal, descriptive, value-oriented, or probabilistic. Basic steps in designing an evaluation study are…

Two teams, each comprised of teachers, a researcher, and a trainer/developer spent fifteen and a half months implementing the Interactive Research and Development on Teaching (IR&DT) strategy, a specialized educational research medthodology stressing interactive rather than linear communication between teachers and researchers. These teams are…

RESEARCH ON THE TEACHING OF VOCABULARY WAS COLLECTED, AND THE VALIDITY OF SUCH INFORMATION WAS EXAMINED TO IDENTIFY SUCCESSFUL APPLICATIONS OF THE TEACHING OF VOCABULARY IN SCHOOLS. SOURCES BEARING ON THE SUBJECT OF THIS STUDY WERE INVESTIGATED IN DETAIL. THE INITIAL SURVEYING AND REPORT READING LED TO THE SECURING OF 80 STUDIES THAT WERE…

THE SELECTION AND USE OF RESPONSE VARIABLES IN EDUCATIONAL EXPERIMENTS USING MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS WERE CONSIDERED AND ASSESSED. RESPONSE VARIABLES WERE DEEMED CENTRAL CONCERNS FOR EITHER THEORETICAL OR PRACTICALLY ORIENTED RESEARCH, AND THEIR COMPLEXITY WAS DEALT WITH UNDER THE HEADINGS OF APTITUDE INPUT MEASURES, REPEATED LEARNING MEASURES,…

This report is one of five submitted as products of a "Study Designed to Assist Planning of Research on Significant Instructional Features in Bilingual Education Programs." The reports are intended to assist the National Institute of Education (NIE) in its plans for a major new research study in bilingual education. The present report…

Reports on research conducted to asses the utility of physiological responses for both the prediction of individual differences in attentional capacity and the monitoring of developmental changes in attentional responsivity. Specifically the experiments assessed: (1) Heart rate variability and newborn heart rate responses to illumination changes,…

This paper is part of a larger work developed over a period of three years on the interrelationship of theories of composing and interpreting. Following an introduction, the second and major part of the paper summarizes the four classifications of theoretical models of reading: information processing models, hypothesis testing models,…

Analysis of covariance is examined for its usefulness in attribute-by-treatment interaction (ATI) research, where subjects are randomly assigned to treatments but not to levels of the attribute factor. Contrary to what might be expected, the use of a covariate does not confound the interpretation of the interaction between attribute and treatment,…

When examining a repeated measures design with independent groups for a significant group by trial interaction, classical analysis of variance or multivariate procedures can be used if the assumptions underlying the tests are met. Neither procedure may be justified for designs with small sample sizes and dichotomous dependent variables. An omnibus…

Needed research refers to both the kind of study and the area in which the work is done. Design elements and characteristics for needed research include (1) normative studies, (2) statements of statistical significance, (3) precisely formulated problems, (4) carefully defined hypotheses, (5) well-defined populations and randomly selected samples,…

An interdisciplinary research team investigated the field of educational research/development and innovation (R/D&I) in order to (1) develop an understanding of the nature, structure, and functioning of R&D as they interact with their environments; (2) develop an understanding of educational R&D and of the educational context in which…

Reviewed in the report is research on hyperkinesis, specifically B. Feingold's hypotheses on the role of salicylates and food additives. Criticisms of Feingold's studies are seen to include methodological weaknesses (no double blind controlled experiments), nutritional concerns over the adequacy of prescribed diets, and lack of a specifically…

A report by Crawford found substantial correlations between hypnotizability and various speed-of-closure measures. An attempt to replicate these correlations on the same population of university undergraduates in the present study yielded markedly lower correlations. Nonproportional sampling techniques may have spuriously inflated the earlier…

Fifteen hyperkinetic children (6-12 years old) were involved in a pilot study to test B. Feingold's hypothesis that hyperkinesis may be caused by artificial flavors and colors in food. Prior to treatment, parents and teachers completed bi-weekly questionnaires regarding each Ss' behavior both on medication (pretreatment period) and when medication…

The purpose of this research report was to improve the utilization of classroom observation systems in instruction and research by identifying (a) new and unique dimensions of teaching, and (b) the commonalities of several existing observation systems. The design of this study called for the coding of classroom behaviors by individuals highly…