Describes the major findings of research on effective principals and identifies the problems preventing its practical application to development of administrative training programs and school improvement policies and practices. Provides three new precise models that portray more accurately the complexity of the principal's involvement as…

Charges that a major problem in the vocational literature is the absence of theoretical formulations which deal with vocational development in more than a superficial manner and proposes a theory of life-span vocational role development. Includes comments by Gottfredson and a reply by the first authors. (JAC)

Uses a study of reading in the content areas as an example of the evolution of a responsive research design. (FL)

Tries to overcome deficiencies in devising and testing indices of syntax by synthesizing the insights of both American and English research and testing the syntactic aspect of Bernstein's elaborated and restricted codes with a large, systematically classified sample of Australian schoolchildren. (Author/RK)

This report describes the background, objectives, and design of the Opening Doors evaluation. It begins below with a brief review of the research on community college students and their experiences. Chapter 2 then provides a general description of the six colleges that are participating in the demonstration and the four interventions that are…

The agencies listed in this document are amending the Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects, which was published in the Federal Register on June 18, 1991, to change all references to the Office for Protection from Research Risks (OPRR) to the Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP); revise the footnote found at the end of…

This book attempts to clarify the nature of principles that govern the effective use of merging new research designs in mathematics and science education. A primary goal is to describe several of the most important types of research design that have been pioneered recently by mathematics and science educators, have distinctive characteristics when…

This chapter presents the following discussions on the issues of interpretive research: (1) finding quality criteria that pertain to the quality of interpretive research; (2) determining authenticity criteria for interpretive research; and (3) and providing an example of the procedures employed and the outcomes of an intensive interpretive study…

This chapter discusses the way that mathematics curricula are developed in the United States. It suggests that curriculum development in mathematics education makes little progress because it fails to adhere to scientific methodology. Weaknesses in the current development process, how such development can become scientific, how curriculum…

This chapter discusses three different approaches for the use of the history of mathematics and science in educational research. These approaches require increasing levels of scholarly engagement with historical materials and offer correspondingly increased levels of insight. Each of the three techniques includes brief examples of historical…

The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) has been the subject of many evaluations during its history. Those evaluations are reviewed, focusing on external evaluations, and the influences of recommendations made in the evaluations are discussed. The report concludes that many of the recommendations of evaluators have been heeded by…

A two-stage design provides a way of roughly adapting item difficulty to test-taker ability. All test takers take a parallel stage-one test, and based on their scores, they are routed to tests of different difficulty levels in the second stage. This design provides some of the benefits of standard computer adaptive testing (CAT), such as increased…

The purpose of this paper is to describe the model used to evaluate the two-year Allegany Grant between the Peace Education Foundation and the Miami-Dade County Public Schools that focused on reducing school violence through implementing the "Peace Works" program. A mixed method design using simultaneous methodologies was employed. For…

This report deals with cognitive research conducted on the Teacher Listing Form (TLF) of the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) of the National Center for Education Statistics. The SASS is a set of 10 self-administered questionnaires designed to provide information on all aspects of the school system. The TLF is the first of the 10 surveys, and is…

The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of computer use in U.S. schools and the relation of computer use to academic achievement in mathematics, reading, and writing. The report discusses methodological issues and presents the results of analyses of the social distribution of computer use and the relation of computer use to academic…