The relative effectiveness of alternative reward structures in strengthening individual task performance was investigated by operationalizing six reward structure treatments--each of which combined one of two levels of differential group rewarding with one of three levels of differential rewarding within groups. Twelve males and twelve females…

This report analyzes federal policies and program for aging Americans in view of emerging socio-economic issues to determine if the present federal strategy has future viability. A conceptual framework and methodology were developed to evaluate federal programs in terms of individual needs. Based on this strategic evaluation, alternative…

A Vocational Pattern Index, based on Zytowski's (1969) postulates on women's vocational participation, was developed. This index is based on age of first entry into the job market, number of entries, years of work, and degree of participation. Fifteen years after graduation from the University of Minnesota, a Questionnaire requesting detailed…

Working from a rationale derived from cognitive learning theory, this study was designed to investigate the extent to which the formation and modifiability of first impressions may be affected by the perceiver's tendency to associate the stimulus person with some other individual. Fifty subjects rated their initial attractions toward male and…

This study attempted to determine the extent to which school districts had brought their maternity leave policies into compliance with the latest Supreme Court ruling. The study also analyzed the maternity leave requirements of the Equal Employment Opportunities Commission (EEOC), and sought to determine which variables were associated with…

This document has four major objectives: (1) to synthesize and summarize the relevant literature on the employment of paraprofessionals; (2) to present the insights and impressions gained from experiences in a limited field investigation; (3) to relate both the literature and the field investigation to a conceptual framework; and (4) to discuss…

Two samples of undergraduates were selected to represent four types with respect to discrepancy between verbal and quantitative aptitude as measured by the New York Regents Scholarship Examination or, in some cases, the CEEB SAT examination. A group designated as V had extremely high verbal scores and very low quantitative scores; a Q group was at…

This paper discusses the need for educational researchers to employ a system for protecting human subjects who participate in research and development programs. The ethical obligations of researchers, as well as the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare's policy guidelines, are examined. Following this discussion, the author describes the…

Use of the Optacon, a reading aid for the blind, was explored in regard to user occupations, factors affecting reading speed, and how the machine is used on the job. Data were obtained from a survey of 250 Optacon users; from statistical analyses of information gathered about 41 Optacon trainers; and from a telephone survey of 17 blind people in…

Evaluations of existing pharmacy personnel programs and personal interviews with leaders in the field were conducted to develop a pharmacist and technician task list. Using the survey instrument developed for other occupations, the National Technical Advisory Committee for Pharmacy analyzed and validated the task list. The final organization of…

Reported are the findings of a research project conducted to design easily reproducible, large-scale maps for use by the blind to improve their mobility and orientation. The emphasis was on maps varying in scale from general orientation maps of metropolitan areas to mobility maps of neighborhoods or individual buildings. The design, construction,…

Designed to estimate the number of vocationally handicapped persons in Israel; to identify their demographic, social, physical and vocational characteristics; to ascertain the amount and nature of services received; and to identify the potential clients for rehabilitation, the research report describes the study undertaken. In order to identify…

Designed to explore the organization of international programs providing service to voluntary and governmental agencies which aid the disabled, the International Research Development Project analyzed current patterns of organizing rehabilitation services, methods of training personnel, barriers to communication and understanding, and methods of…

Each year, recipients of the Manpower Administration doctoral dissertation grants for manpower researchers discuss their research findings at a conference in Washington, D.C. In addition to serving as forums for the interchange of ideas, these conferences also provide an opportunity for participants to meet their peers and experienced manpower…

Management is a future-oriented decision process that relates resources into a total functional system for the accomplishment of a set of objectives. As a rule, universities do not have a management system, and there is no understanding of their environments in terms of the inputs, outputs, objectives, and organizational relationships of line and…