The theme of the meeting reported in this document was "Research in Mathematics Education from an Epistemological Perspective." In addition to the plenary session and reaction papers the conference proceedings contain papers grouped under the headings: (1) algebra; (2) computers and mathematics education; (3) early arithmetic (K-3); (4)…

In designing the "Study of Schooling" research project, it was decided that seven regions in the United States would be studied, and for each region, "triples" would be the focus of the research. A "triple" consisted of a senior high school, a feeder junior high or middle school, and a feeder elementary school.…

The concept of cooperative goal structuring was examined, along with the effect of one cooperative learning technique (group consensus examinations) on the perceptions and achievement of college students. Cooperative goal structure exists when students perceive that they can obtain their goal only if the other students with whom they work also…

Abstracts of most of the papers presented at the 56th Annual Meeting of the National Association for Research in Science Teaching (NARST) have been collected in this publication. Papers focus on such areas as student and teacher characteristics, student and teacher attitudes, science curriculum, science instruction, preservice and inservice…

The effectiveness of Georgia's comprehensive high school consumer and homemaking educational programs in providing competence in six essential skill areas was studied. Respondents were selected from all Georgia high school graduates from 1978-79 who had participated in at least one consumer and homemaking education course. Survey findings showed…

The 68 journal articles, books, and ERIC documents described in this annotated bibliography cover all aspects of the topic of lecturing, from general considerations on the methodology and effectiveness of lecturing to specific advice on how to lecture and the results of research studies on lecturing's effect and usefulness. Besides summarizing the…

This report describes and interprets findings from the 1981-82 national mathematics assessment, the third such assessment conducted by the National Assessment of Educational Progress. The results show a leveling off of the performance of American 17-year-olds, who had shown a decline between 1978 and 1982; 9-year-olds' performance has changed…

An exploratory study was carried out in four Los Angeles Title I elementary schools to determine what accounted for the comparatively high reading scores made by these schools' students on the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills; determine whether the schools were engaged in demonstrably effective educational practices that other Title I and…

This monograph presents descriptions of six extensively researched and widely used cooperative learning methods and discusses research on the effects of cooperative learning. The term "cooperative learning" refers to instructional methods in which students of all levels of performance work together in small groups toward a common goal.…

Major local-, state-, and university-designed programs with the objective of fostering instructional effectiveness at the elementary school level are described in this paper. Instructional effectiveness is defined as a prerequisite to academic achievement in that it occurs when all students obtain at least minimum academic mastery as measured by…

The purpose of this study was to: (1) assess the reasoning levels of students using the Longeot Test; (2) compare the background of each student with the student's reasoning ability; and (3) identify which factors would best determine a student's reasoning level on the Longeot Test. The sample consisted of 636 students (336 females and 300 males)…

After noting that research and development reports indicate that there are strong psychological arguments for approaching algebraic concepts through the use of computer programming, the work of the Nottingham Programming in Mathematics Project with pupils aged 11-13 is briefly described. What is meant by understanding of a concept and how pupils…

The paper discusses a number of issues concerning the practical usefulness of cognitive psychology research, and presents a case study of pilot training methods to illustrate a model of research processes that produces outcomes which contribute to both basic and applied research goals. Research studies are described as varying in the degree to…

Based on Heilbruner's thesis (1959) in "The Future as History," an understanding of the historical strengths, weaknesses, institutional forms, and trends in adult education can help predict its future. The flexibility and diversity of adult education have been tremendous advantages. They have also contributed to the confusion over what adult…

A study determined the degree of importance secondary vocational instructors place on students' possessing science skills for successful completion of their vocational program. It also determined the specific skills in biology, chemistry, and physics the instructors taught and identified the secondary vocational programs that require students to…