Applies a theoretical framework that encompasses cultural and social regulation of mother-child speech to observations of discourse between three mothers and their two-year-olds. Maternal speech was semantically contingent in the sense that both partners in the conversation were jointly focused on a shared topic of concern. (Author/CB)

Discussion of the functional relationship between self-injurious behavior (SIB) and self-restraint in people with severe disabilities considers SIB and self-restraint as members of the same functional response class, SIB and self-restraint as functionally independent responses, access to self-restraint as positive reinforcement of SIB, termination…

Investigates fricative perception in toddlers using repeated tests to control for factors relating to task difficulty and stimulus familiarity. Each subject was tested on a contrast the child produced distinctly in an imitation task and one the child produced as similar syllables. Final perception results were well matched to productive…

Discusses the three "developmental crises" that take place during infancy and early childhood, namely birth, weaning, and opposition to parental authority. The latter crisis is best overcome by presenting toddlers with choices and working with them to demonstrate their importance in the family as independent human beings. (MDM)

Many children come to school without the essential loving backgrounds they need to learn effectively. Children's experiences in the first months and years of life determine how they will later manage their lives and how readily they will use opportunities for formal learning. Meeting infants' and toddlers' needs--providing a "heart…

This paper introduces conductive education (CE) for rehabilitation of children with motor disabilities through development of ordered movement and coordinated function. It reviews the origin of CE, its development between 1945 and 1994, the CE method, and the new profession of CE practitioners. Recent extension of CE to education for children…

Assessed the attachment of 101 toddlers to their mothers and day care teachers by the Strange Situation Procedure or Q-Set measures. Results were consistent with the hypothesis that children's relationships with their parents and day care teachers would show similar attachment classifications. (BC)

Researchers tested the Concerns Based Adoption Model and the Stages of Concern Questionnaire (SoCQ), which address professionals' feelings about innovation. Professionals who received innovative training on early intervention completed the survey. Results support the Concerns Based Adoption Model's broad underlying assumptions. A revised model and…

Describes several arts activities in early childhood classrooms, then explains why the activities are or are not creative. Discusses characteristics of creativity and ways for teachers and caregivers to encourage the creative process in children. (BB)

This study established content validity and reliability for the Infant Behavioral Summarized Evaluation, a rating scale for young children with autism. Analysis of videotapes for 89 children (ages 6-48 months) revealed a significant group of 19 items, including characteristic early autistic behaviors and some less commonly described (such as…

The expectations of college students with no children for their future children's behavior as toddlers and for their own behavior as parents was assessed. Unique predictors for males were family environment and experience with children; for females, experience with children and psychological well-being. (Authors/GH)

This article argues that current models of intervention for infants and toddlers with disabilities suffer from conflicting research results and practical implementation problems and discusses alternative approaches, including the need for comprehensive needs assessment, protocols for matching services with needs, interagency system changes, and a…

Using Scotton's model of codeswitching based on markedness theory, this paper examines a type of register variation known as "babytalk," defined as ambiguous talk of babies or young children and talk to babies or young children. It is argued that babytalk and the voice of authority are motivated by Chinese cultural assumptions about…

A series of studies examined one to five year olds' developmental changes in reaction to achievement-related outcomes. Results were used to formulate a three-stage model for the development of achievement-related self-evaluation. Concludes that a distinction between achievement standards and prescriptions for behavior is not meaningful with young…

Maintains that the monograph, "Self-Evaluation in Young Children," by Stipek and others, forces a consideration of the "self" in "self-evaluation," and a rethinking of views about emotions. It attests to the lack of information on effects of socialization in early childhood. Monograph should add to research on the connection between cognition and…