The document, one in a series of four on women in American history, discusses the role of women in the Progressive Era (1890-1920). Designed to supplement high school U.S. history textbooks, the book is comprised of five chapters. Chapter I describes reformers and radicals including Jane Addams and Lillian Wald who began the settlement house…

DURING THE PAST FEW DECADES, A NUMBER OF UNIONS HAVE HELPED MEMBERS TO RETRAIN TO COPE WITH TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE OR TO UPGRADE TRADE OR CRAFT SKILLS, AND SOME UNIONS HAVE PARTICIPATED WITH EMPLOYERS IN JOINT APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS AND SIMILAR EFFORTS. COLLECTIVE BARGAINING PROVISIONS FOR RETRAINING HAVE BEEN DESIGNED TO KEEP AS MANY WORKERS AS…

FIFTEEN PAPERS RELATED TO VARIOUS ASPECTS OF PROJECTED SOCIAL CHANGE WERE PRESENTED AT THE FIRST AREA CONFERENCE OF "DESIGNING EDUCATION FOR THE FUTURE," AN EIGHT-STATE PROJECT OF JOINT ACTION BY ARIZONA, COLORADO, IDAHO, MONTANA, NEVADA, NEW MEXICO, UTAH, AND WYOMING. THE 15-YEAR PROJECTION FOCUSED UPON IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION IN THE…

APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS, WHICH SHOULD PROVIDE A CONTINUOUS SUPPLY OF CRAFTSMEN, ARE NOT NOW ALLEVIATING A SHORTAGE OF SKILLED LABOR. CRAFT UNIONS PERPETUATE SKILLS SHORTAGES BY SPECIFYING JOURNEYMEN-APPRENTICE RATIOS AND MAINTAINING A RESTRICTIVE SELECTION POLICY. THE SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM LIES NOT IN FEDERAL LEGISLATION NOR IN MORE FORMAL…

This article discusses recent court decisions affecting the relationship between teachers' associations and unions and the public agencies that employ those teachers. Topics discussed include constitutional rights, union representation and union rights, obligation to bargain and scope of bargaining, grievances and arbitrability, fiscal…

Eight issues of grievance arbitration in education were chosen for detailed examination in this paper: procedure, budgets, discrimination, leave, extra duty, evaluation, discipline, and assignments and transfers. In addition, the authors identified four types of grievants, including individuals, class or group litigants, school districts, and…

Issues concerning collective bargaining by college faculties, the bargaining team, and the board's role in bargaining are considered. Reasons why faculties want to bargain and principles that are pertinent to the transfer of the industrial model to the campus scene are examined. It is suggested that the board is the employer for private…

In order to identify the barriers currently excluding women from equal access to non-traditional employment, a study examined ten agencies and programs in California which provide employment services to women. They may be categorized as either women's agencies, Comprehensive Employment Training Act (CETA) subcontractors (employment services),…

Collective bargaining in higher education can no longer be characterized as a truly new phenomenon. Presently, one out of every four faculty and professional staff, or approximately 120,000 individuals (two-thirds of whom work in four-year colleges), are members of a labor organization. The literature on the topic has evolved from anecdotal…

One of the outgrowths of the student counterculture of the late 1960's and 1970's was the emergence of a specifically educational counterculture that found a following among members of college and university faculties. As war and militarism declined as dominant issues provoking campus unrest, assaults on the structure of higher education…

The primary purpose of the 19 papers and 9 supplementary statements developed for the third conference sponsored by the Designing Education For The Future Project was to explore the planning and processes whereby needed educational changes may be effected. Areas included in the discussion were state responsibility, political influences, research…

Based mainly on Current Population Survey 1969-1974 data, the report examines recent trends of overtime work, the impact of overtime work on earnings, and the current and past composition of the overtime force. In May, 1974 about 16.1 million workers, one out of every five employed persons, reported working more than 40 hours in his/her principal…

The report explores the obstacles to increased occupational mobility for workers at a multiplant manufacturing firm. Analysis of the job histories of workers at two plants found advancement opportunities to be limited and inequitable because narrow departmental units were used as the basis for defining eligibility for promotions. Through the use…

This paper reviews seven specific components of change that labor militancy in public education will have on the American economic system in the future. First, teacher militancy will influence other public employees to become more militant and will pressure private-sector employees to unionize. Second, additional state and federal public-employer…

The significance of the black student union in the past decade (1965-1975), both for black students and for the white college, and some reasons for the apparent decline experienced by black student unions in recent years are the concern of this paper. Its focus is on reviewing some of the functions, activities and impacts of the black student…