The placement histories of 415 youth in foster care in San Diego, California, were analyzed together with behavior problems identified by the Child Behavior Check List. Results suggest that volatile placement histories contribute negatively to both internalizing and externalizing behavior of foster children. Initial externalizing behaviors were…

This review discusses the history of noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) and summaries findings from treatment research. It describes the use of NCR as a control procedure, NCR as a function-based treatment, considerations in the programming of NCR schedules, behavior-change mechanisms underlying NCR effects, and directions for future research.…

Explains three possible behavioral functions of child noncompliance in the classroom: (1) attention-seeking, (2) mild escape/avoidance, and (3) extreme aversion. Each function is delineated in terms of its environmental effect and behavioral indicators. Educational and treatment implications are discussed for each function. (Author/DB)

The purpose of this study was to define and review the daily report card (DBRC) as a monitoring and/or intervention technique. In general, it has been suggested that DBRCs may be feasible, acceptable, and effective in promoting a positive student. Despite the appeal of using DBRCs, widespread endorsement cannot be made without caution. (Author)

Examined the cardiovascular health profiles of hospital employees participating in an incentive screening program for 4 years. The program involved cardiovascular screenings, results counseling, and encouragement to participate in education and behavioral support programs. Cardiovascular health improvements related to long-term program…

A literature review found 12 studies using educational interventions for physicians regarding hypertension. Interventions such as reminders improved follow-up care but were ineffective in changing blood pressure levels. The success of interventions may depend on the aspect to be changed and their feasibility in a particular setting. (Contains 35…

Standardized assessment instruments and direct observation data were collected pre- and post-administration (2 weeks after administration) on the effects of secretin on a 4-year-old boy with autism. No changes in communication functioning, occurrences of stereotypic behavior, or social interaction were observed. A 3-month follow-up indicated no…

This longitudinal study examined the effectiveness of intervention for behavioral objectives in Individualized Habilitation Plans of 130 adults with mental retardation in residential settings. Little evidence of effective intervention was found using three indicators: discontinuation of the behavior objective, change in challenging behavior, and…

Job-search behaviors and employment outcomes of 121 recent college graduates were measured at and 4 months after graduation. Job seekers increased active searching and use of formal sources and decreased anxiety. Self-esteem and self-efficacy did not moderate changes in search behavior. Changes were related to number of job interviews and…

This article explores implications of people's interpretations of communicative efforts by people with severe disabilities. Recent initiatives to support and promote self-determination are critically assessed as possibly functioning to limit self-determination. Use of preference assessments and behavior supports is discussed as a key to…

A study of 248 adults who attended financial workshops to learn to increase savings and decrease credit card debt indicated that many were at the contemplation and preparation stages of behavioral change. Using a stage model helps determine ways to recruit adult learners and focus financial workshops. (SK)

Compares the theoretical foundations of three models of behavioral change: commitment to change, innovation-decision, and change and learning. Outlines outcomes and assessment methods of each model. (SK)

The process of organizational transformation in a bank included a training program for managers to prepare them for changing role behaviors. Training emphasized role clarity, coping with role pressures, team building, raising expectations, and interpersonal dynamics. (Contains 20 references.) (SK)

Defining adventure therapy involves considering the level of change attempted; the degree held by practitioners; the population served; and whether "adventure" refers to activities used, philosophy of adventure, or both. Deciding whether adventure therapy is a profession or a set of tools and techniques depends on the place of adventure…

Examines social-cognitive theories predominating in research on determinants of health behaviors. Although the theories predict health behaviors with some success, the social-cognitive perspective is restricted to a unidirectional, non-dynamic view of behavioral change, neglecting the fact that individuals may differ in life goals. The health…