A survey was conducted of 406 elementary, middle, and secondary school teachers to determine their understanding, acceptance, and use of the principle of operant conditioning. The treatment of data was by percent and chi square analysis primarily according to sex, experience, degree, and position. Subjects reported that a) they believed that the…

This paper presents a theory of shame development and resolution. Shame is a primary effect that is induced interpersonally. Shame inducement occurs when one significant person breaks the interpersonal bridge with another. Following internalization of shame within the personality, shame activation becomes an autonomous function of the self and the…

A three-level model was derived from the literature on motivation and behavior change processes and from specific research on teacher concerns and self-confrontation. Teacher concerns comprise the first level of the model: concerns about self, task, and pupils. Self-confrontation feedback and behavior change procedures comprise the second level:…

This paper describes an ongoing treatment program based on a cognitive-attentional interpretation of text anxiety. The primary goal is to train students to eliminate self-relevant thinking, and increase task-relevant thinking, i.e., to turn their attention from the self to the demands of the external situation. Three studies are described. The…

This paper is an exploratory inquiry into some aspects of protest for sex equality by academic women. The analysis is based on published and unpublished information on sex discrimination in academia, as well as a sample of 65 cases of academic women obtained from a pilot survey. Following introductory material, Part II emphasizes patterns of…

The behaving organism is described as a system with internal motivational and memory components which guide the actions of external input and output components. The organism actively shapes its environment by using its output to control its input from the environment. Output is a function of the psychological forces, topographic memory, and input…

The behavior modification literature dealing with parent-child interaction has focused on training parents to modify their children's behavior. However, there is ample data which demonstrates that in ongoing social interactions between parents and children, children and parents control the behavior of one another. The viewpoint is offered that a…

Six children enrolled in a 'Kindergarten for Children with Special Needs' were the subject of a 3-month study of behavioral techniques applied to children's problem behavior through the training of parents. The children were rated as hyperactive and immature with various emotional, social, and physical problems. The study worked with the children…

This study investigated the observable changes, if any, of 58 elementary education student teachers following completion of field experience programs. Behavior rating forms were completed by the prospective kindergarten to sixth grade teachers, the public school cooperating teachers, the university supervisors, and a control group of 35 non-field…

A report is presented of the findings from a three-year project to train 40 correctional officers as behavioral change agents. The project had two objectives: (1) to encourage the officers to view the institution as a rehabilitative instrument, predisposing them to learn to use alternatives to punishment and become treatment-oriented, and (2) to…

A system of teaching based on the principles of the Token economy was developed. This system allowed students to choose not only the pace at which they would advance through a curriculae but also allowed them the choice of output mode (paper versus tests) and areas of concentration. By rewarding student participation in helping to find educational…

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of training teachers in the use of strategies for content development through classroom communication behaviors, to determine the discriminatory power of the Content Analysis System, and to describe some of the relationships of content development characteristics and interaction…

To determine how teacher educators and state supervisors in vocational agriculture can improve planned behavioral change among teachers, 115 agriculture teachers with at least 3 years of experience in Negro schools were interviewed. Spearman's rank correlation, multiple correlation, and step-wise regression were used to analyze the data. The…

Rotter's (1966) "control of reinforcement" construct is a dimension of belief or expectancy about the locus of reinforcing consequences for behavior. A generalized disposition is represented which ascribes reinforcement contingencies to either "external" (and, hence, uncontrollable) factors or to "internal" sources in which case the individual…

A progress report and final evaluation of the Twin Owls Mountain Camp - Summer Workshop for Colorado Young People are contained in this two-volume publication. Involved in the project was the operation of a summer camp for governmental/ecological education using a participative approach to the learning/teaching process. Also, it was to be…