Two important and far-reaching decisions by the Australian Commonwealth Government with regard to its future policies on education are discussed. The future of Commonwealth involvement in education, funding for tertiary education, the introduction of tuition fees in universities, and the rationalization of single-purpose teacher education are…

Examines roles played by men and women in the French family from well before 1760 to the present. The author shows how changes in the mentalities of family and gender reflect changes in the other structures--social, political, economic, technological--without being mere ideological replicas of them. (RM)

Recounts experiences of an American teacher in Afghanistan from 1973-1975. Topics discussed include culture shock, adjustment to a foreign culture, Afghan history and culture, archaeological ruins, Islamic culture, economic and educational development, and Afghanistan's role in the modern world. (DB)

Human resources internal to the college or university (presidents and development staff) and external (trustees, volunteers, parents, alumni, political figures) can be indispensible in making personal contacts and impressions for fund-raising. Written materials and followup procedures are also important fund-raising elements. (MSE)

Demography, economics, concentrated decision making, and politicization, will constitute the future policymaking environment for education. In addition, these conditions are likely to have a direct effect upon educators themselves; they will provoke higher levels of conflict within and among education organizations. (Author/BW)

Right-wing conservatives and religious groups have mobilized grass roots support for a campaign to eradicate sex education from schools. To meet the challenge posed by these groups, the nature of this opposition and what they are saying, must be understood. (FG)

Diplomacy and political sophistication are as important as sound data and thorough review in the faculty layoff process. Distinguishing characteristics of institutions and departments affected by retrenchment and reasons for retrenchment are discussed, along with institutional research policies needed regarding release of data. (Author/LB)

After arguing that the burdens of environmental policy are carried by the middle and lower classes in the United States, this paper discusses three more socially equitable approaches to dealing with environmental problems. (EB)

This comparison of antipoverty strategies in Britain (Urban Programme) and the United States (War on Poverty) highlights their similar conceptions of the nature of the problem, differences in approach and implementation, and the contrasting political cultures of American community activism and British socialism. (SK)

A number of ways in which evaluations may be biased are illustrated: (1) policy and political purposes for evaluations; (2) sources of policy or political bias prior to evaluation activities; (3) limitations and biases within the evaluation itself; and (4) utilization of evaluation information in the policy process. (Author/GK)

The example of the Republic of Ireland has been used to illustrate the argument that policies and ideologies operating in and transforming institutions at the nation-state level cannot be understood solely by reference to forces confined within nation-state boundaries. (Author/KC)

Five separate articles trace the federal government's approaches to supporting culture since the New Deal; examine the nature of national arts policymaking since the creation of the National Endowments; discuss activities of the state arts agencies; compare American arts policy with British and European models, and predict future issues.…

Reviews long-term plans drawn up by the Ministry of Education and the USSR Academy of Pedagogical Sciences regarding educational establishments and educational programs in the Soviet Union. Emphasis is placed on forecasting educational development problems and policies. (DB)

States that community colleges are in a good position to be centers of lifelong education and that adult educators must engage in politics in order to promote learning opportunities for adults. Suggests legislative, administrative, judicial, and electoral strategies for adult educators to use in influencing policymakers to support lifelong…

Ethnicity has played a postive role in Nigerian education in that it has helped to generate noncolonial reforms and to stimulate the need for expanded higher education. However, regional and tribal loyalties and differing ethnic value systems have also contributed to inequality with regard to educational opportunity. (Author/GC)