Based on the premise that instructional development is a change process and the instructional developer is a change agent, this chapter begins by considering the literature of planned change as applied to the process of instructional development. It is argued that instructional product evaluation must include both formative and summative…

A framework to aid in estimating the impact from educational research and development (R&D) products was developed at the National Center for Research in Vocational Education at the Ohio State University. The dimensions of the framework (product development, distribution, implementation, utilization and effects) are explained in detail. The…

On the assumption that the fundamental purpose of teacher supervision is the improvement of the teaching/learning process, supervision is viewed as a tool which can improve instruction if it is based on cooperative mechanisms involving all of the interested parties. From a background of both empirical work and conceptual analysis, a framework is…

In the context of instructional development projects, situations arise in which evaluations are required that are neither formative nor summative in role. Typical responses to such situations are to stretch the meaning of one or the other of the terms introduced by Scriven (1967) to accommodate the situation; a consequence is a loss in precision…

The impact of male and female college students' grades, achievement, and attitudes of the respective "correction" procedures used in Bloom- and Keller-type mastery learning strategies was investigated. Findings indicate periodic corrections, using Bloom's strategy, may improve students' ability to apply course material. (Author/BJG)

Analysis of the ten volumes of the journal "Planning and Changing" published from 1970 through 1979 revealed a low number of articles authored by women, the absence of women among consultants to the editor, widespread use of sex-biased language, and a lack of articles about implementation of equal employment and equal education…

The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term effects of a corporate training program in business and technical writing. Subjects were 135 employees who attended ten three-day workshops during the course of one year. The effects of the workshops were assessed in two stages: immediately after the training through an evaluation form and one…

A followup study was conducted involving 22 teachers of learning disabled and behavior problem students to determine why databased instructional techniques, proven to be effective, did not lead to a change in teacher behavior that was maintained at the conclusion of the original study. Ss were interviewed about their perceptions of the strengths…

Formative research of Math Patrol, curriculum-based television program in mathematics at the primary level, was carried out as part of a research and evaluation project at the Ontario Educational Communications Authority (OECA). The series, which utilizes plasticene animations, consists of 15-minute magazine format programs which introduce and…

This annotated bibliography, one of seven related documents, contains 47 selected references for planning and implementing a comprehensive evaluation of a school program. The references are organized according to problems commonly encountered by school staffs undertaking program evaluations: evaluation of innovative practices, using checklists,…

A technique using information and decision-making theories to evaluate problem solving tactics is presented. In problem solving, the process of solution is evaluated by investigating the questions that the subject doing the problem solving asks. The sequence of questions asked is called a tactic. It is assumed that: (1) tactics are the observable…

This appendix to the Mathematical Problem Solving Project "Module Development and Formative Evaluation" contains quizzes for trials 1 and 2 for the module entitled "Using Guesses to Solve Problems." Teachers' comments from these trials are included. (MP)

A survey of current lesson development was considered essential to determine the quality and effectiveness of instructional material produced on the PLATO IV computer-assisted instruction system. The trial period lasted for several years. Both civilian and military personnel developed the lessons, in consultation with the Military Training Centers…

An instructional development model is described that provides for evaluation of the feasibility of a project, evaluation during the formative design and development phases, summative evaluation prior to dissemination, and continued evaluation after implementation. These guidelines view evaluation as an integral part of development; before the…

This booklet describes a systematic procedure for developing and writing process objectives. Process objectives are designed to enable an examination of the activities within an educational program or agency. By describing the planned activities to be accomplished, process objectives become essential to the accomplishment of organizational goals.…